文章通过构建农村基础教育资源配置评价体系,综合采用熵值法、空间自相关分析及面板回归模型对我国省际农村基础教育资源配置的时空格局演变特征与影响因素进行了分析。研究发现：①2002—2014年我国农村基础教育资源配置水平呈现类“S”型稳定上升趋势,局部表现为增长型、波动型和突变型三种演变模式;省际间农村基础教育资源配置的绝对差异呈现缓慢扩大趋势,但相对差异呈缩小的态势。②农村基础教育资源配置在全局趋势上呈自东北向西南衰减的梯度格局特征;空间上遵循“低水平均衡→较低水平轴带→较低水平均衡→较高水平轴带”的渐进式演变过程,且不同配置水平类型具有鲜明的“集群化”分布特点。③农村基础教育资源配置空间上高—高集聚与低—低集聚的俱乐部趋同特征显著,高值先导区主要集中在东北与东南沿海地区,低值陷阱区集中分布于西南与华东地区。④面板回归结果显示在研究期内城镇化发展水平、地方政府的行政能力、农村经济发展水平对农村基础教育资源配置具有正向影响效应。
Based on the evaluation system of rural basic education resources allocation, this article analyzed the spatio-temporal pattern and influencing factors of rural basic education resources allocation in China by using the entropy method, spatial autocorrelation method and panel regression model. The results showthat:1) The level of rural basic education resources allocation in China shows a "S type" and steady upward trend. Local growth patterns include three evolution models: growth model, volatility model and mutation model. The absolute differences of the allocation of rural basic education resources among provinces show a slow expansion trend, but the relative differences show a shrinking trend. 2) The distribution of rural basic education resources shows a gradient distributionthat is higher in the northeast thanthe southwest. The spatial evolution follows the gradual evolution process of "lower-level equilibrium→low-levelaxis→low-level equilibrium→high-levelaxis",and has a distinct "clustered" distribution characteristic. 3) The spatial pattern of basic education resources allocation have the obvious club convergence characteristics of High-High and Low-Low agglomeration. High-High type is located innortheast and southeast China, and the Low-Low type is located in southwest and east China. 4) The panel regression results show that the urbanization level, the administrative capacity of the local governments and the level of rural economic development have a positive impact on the rural basic education resources allocation.
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