利用Landsat卫星OLI遥感影像定量反演了广东省珠江三角洲附近水体的CODMn、悬浮泥沙含量及叶绿素浓度,并以此为主要依据建立水体污染源目视解译标志,识别出工业污染、采砂/采矿污染、陆地养殖污染、库/海湾养殖污染、生活废水污染等5类77处污染源,绘制了该区域的污染空间分布图。结果表明：该区域污染物浓度局部变化特征可归纳为均匀无变化型、分段间歇式变化型、“栅格状”变化型、“陡增缓释”型、“缓增缓释”型等5种; 综合3种污染物浓度及局部变化特征、高分辨率遥感影像和周边环境等信息可有效识别桥梁与河床浅滩反射、工业污染与采砂采矿污染等难判、易误判类型;污染源目视解译准确率达92%。
By Using Landsat satellite OLI remote sensing images, this paper, quantitatively retrieving the suspended sediment concentration, chlorophyll concentration and CODMn concentration of the Water of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong, takes those 3 kinds of pollutants’ concentration and distribution characteristics as the information source, plots the spatial distribution of pollution source and identifies 77 pollution sources in the study. Those pollution sources were summed up into 5 categories, such as, industrial pollution, sand mining / mining pollution, land aquaculture pollution, pollution of reservoir / Bay culture, pollution of domestic waste water, etc. The results show that the local variation characteristics of pollutant concentration in this area can be classified as 5 types; stable type, intermittent change type, "grid-like" change type, "steep increase and slow release" type, "slow increase and slow release" type. Comprehensive information on the concentration and local variation of 3 pollutants, high-resolution remote sensing images and surrounding environment can effectively identify difficult and easily misjudged types of bridge and riverbed shoal reflection, industrial pollution and sand mining pollution. The accuracy of visual interpretation of pollution sources is 92%.
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