乡村旅游是乡村振兴发展的有效路径之一,随着其规模的不断扩大,乡村人地关系矛盾凸显,直接影响了乡村人居环境的质量。文章以洞庭湖区24个县域为实证研究对象,基于组合客观赋权、加权求和等方法综合评价其乡村人居环境和乡村旅游质量发展水平,构建障碍度模型和耦合协调度模型,识别障碍因子,并对2013—2021年洞庭湖区乡村人居环境和乡村旅游的耦合协调度变化趋势进行分析。结果显示：①乡村人居环境和乡村旅游发展的质量水平及二者的耦合协调性呈上升态势,但县域之间差距较大。②通过障碍因子识别发现,环境、经济、社会保障等受障碍因子影响较大,识别障碍因子有利于各县域结合自身发展不足,有针对性地进行优化。③乡村人居环境和乡村旅游发展二者间的耦合协调度水平呈现出“中心高、外围低”的空间分布格局,且与乡村人居环境和乡村旅游发展的质量呈正相关。④根据乡村人居环境和乡村旅游发展的耦合协调度测算结果及发展阶段特点,可将洞庭湖区24个县域分成3种发展类型：协调平衡型、磨合良好型、失调滞后型。优化乡村人居环境和乡村旅游发展路径,促进各县域间的优势互补与资源共享,将有利于乡村整体的高质量发展,助推洞庭湖区乡村振兴。
Rural tourism development is one of the effective paths for achieving rural vitalization. With the continuous expansion of its scale, the contradiction of rural human-land relationship is prominent, which directly affects the quality of rural human settlements. Based on the combination of objective weighting method, weighted summation method and other comprehensive evaluation methods to make a comprehensive evaluation of the quality of the rural human settlements and rural tourism development,this paper takes 24 county-level regions in the Dongting Lake area as the research areas,constructs the obstacle degree model and coupling coordination model to identify the obstacle factors and analyzes the change trend of their coupling coordination degree in the Dongting Lake area from 2013 to 2021. The results show: 1) The quality and coupling coordination index of rural human settlements and rural tourism development are on the rise, however there are large distance between two of them. 2) Through the identification of the obstacle factors, it's found that the environment,economy,and social security are greatly affected by obstacle factors,identifying the obstacle factors is beneficial for each county-level regions to optimize in a targeted way in view of their own insufficient development.3) The level of coupling coordination between rural human settlements and rural tourism development takes on spatial distribution of "high in the center and low in the outer", and is positively correlated with the quality of rural human settlements and rural tourism development.4) According to the results of coupling coordination measurement between rural human settlements and rural tourism development and their development stages, the 24 county-level regions in the Dongting Lake area can be divided into three types: coordinate and balanced type, rising and abundant type, disorder and undeveloped type. Optimizing the development path of rural human settlements and rural tourism development,promoting the complementarity of advantages and resource sharing among counties will be conducive to the high-quality development of counties and boosting the rural vitalization of the Dongting Lake area.
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