从产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效及生活富裕5个维度,构建乡村振兴质量评价理论分析框架;基于遗传算法优化的投影寻踪模型,对2020年福建省64个县域单元的乡村振兴质量进行测度;通过障碍度模型,分析影响乡村振兴质量的障碍因素。基于评价结果,识别乡村振兴类型并提出相应的优化路径。结果表明：①福建省乡村振兴总体质量处于中等水平,空间上总体呈现西高东低的分布格局;从5个维度而言,生态宜居指数值最大,其次为生活富裕指数,乡风文明有待加强。②产业兴旺和乡风文明对乡村振兴总质量的影响较大;对乡村振兴总质量影响较大的五大障碍要素依次为：医疗服务、生产产出、资源设施、产业融合、生产条件。③福建省乡村振兴类型分别为弱发展型、单维主导发展型、双维驱动发展型、多维综合发展型4种。结合区域发展特点和障碍诊断结果,提出不同类型的优化路径,以期为全面推动乡村振兴提供科学依据。
From the five dimensions of industrial prosperity,ecological livability,rural civilization,effective governance,and affluent life,this paper constructs the theoretical framework for the quality evaluation of rural revitalization. It uses the projection pursuit model based on the genetic algorithm optimization to measure the quality evaluation of rural revitalization of 64 county units in Fujian Province in 2020,analyzes the obstacle factors affecting the quality of rural revitalization by the means of the obstacle degree model. Based on the evaluation results,this study identifies the types of rural revitalization and proposes the corresponding optimization path. The results showed that: 1) The overall quality of rural revitalization in Fujian Province was at a medium level,and the overall spatial distribution pattern was high in the west and low in the east. In terms of the five dimensions,the ecological livability index was the largest,followed by the affluent life index. The rural civilization needed to be enhanced. 2) Industrial prosperity and rural civilization had a greater impact on the overall quality of rural revitalization. The five major obstacles that had a greater impact on the overall quality of rural revitalization were medical services,production output,resource facilities,industrial integration,and production conditions respectively. 3) There were four types of rural revitalization in Fujian Province: weak development type,single-dimension-led development type,dual-dimension-driven development type,and multi-dimension comprehensive development type. Combined with regional development characteristics and obstacle diagnosis results,optimization paths for different types were proposed,so as to provide scientific evidence for fully promoting the rural revitalization strategy.
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