Drawing on data from new energy vehicle enterprises in 282 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2022, this study systematically depicts the spatial evolutionary characteristics of the new energy vehicle industry. It does so by integrating the heterogeneous roles played by different segments of the industrial value chain in shaping industrial development, and by employing a spatial autoregressive model to identify the core determinants of industrial location choices. The findings are as follows: 1) At the national level, China's new energy vehicle industry exhibits a spatial distribution characterized by high concentration in the southeast and low concentration in the northwest. Although the overall industrial scale has expanded significantly over time, development gaps among cities remain persistent. 2) From the perspective of different segments of the industrial chain, the spatial distribution of China's new energy vehicle industry demonstrates notable concentration and regional specificity. 3) During the study period, the agglomeration of China's new energy vehicle industry shows significant spatial dependence. Changes in spatial distribution result from the combined effects of multiple factors, including the locational environment, factor environment, market environment, institutional environment, and technological environment. By uncovering the evolutionary patterns of the new energy vehicle industry's spatial structure, this study provides a theoretical foundation and practical insights for consolidating and expanding China's competitive advantages in the new energy vehicle sector.

County-level factor agglomeration-diffusion capacity is a key driver for advancing urban-rural integration development. Integrating the methods of real-coded accelerating genetic algorithm and projection pursuit clustering model (RAGA-PPC), kernel density estimation, and Markov chain, this study examines the spatial pattern and multidimensional dynamic evolution of factor agglomeration-diffusion capacity across 1735 county-level units in China in 2010-2022. The results show that: 1) County-level factor agglomeration-diffusion capacity shows the steady upward trend. There are significant gradient differences among eight comprehensive economic zones, the eastern coastal economic zone remains persistently at the forefront, whereas the northeastern economic zone exhibits relatively weak development. 2) Factor agglomeration-diffusion capacity displays a clear core-periphery configuration: hotspot areas are stably concentrated in the coastal economic zones and the economic zone of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, while coldspot areas are primarily located in the economic zone of middle reaches of the Yellow River and the greater southwestern economic zone, with their spatial extent gradually contracting. 3) The overall disparities of factor agglomeration-diffusion capacity continue to widen, with interregional differences constituting the dominant source, the disparity between the northeastern economic zone and other economic zones is more significant, while the internal disparity within the greater northwestern economic zone is the smallest. 4) Factor agglomeration-diffusion capacity exhibits strong state persistence, and there is a long-term spatial influence among adjacent counties. Over time, the phenomenon of low-low clustering gradually eases, and the upward mobility trend strengthens. High-level counties exert a pronounced siphoning effect on low-level counties, while generating spillover-driven diffusion effects for medium-level and other counties. These findings provide theoretical foundations and policy-relevant evidence for optimizing county-level factor allocation and promoting urban-rural integration development.

The issue of "regional development" has been a core theme throughout national development planning and economic geography study. Currently, China has established a "3+N" regional strategic framework, which consists of three core strategies—the coordinated regional development strategy, major regional strategies, and the major function zoning strategy—alongside "N" additional regional development strategies such as the new urbanization strategy. This paper reviews the formation and evolution of China's regional strategic framework, analyzes the internal mechanisms of regional strategy superposition from an economic geography perspective, and explores pathways to maximize its effects. This study suggests that the regional economic system shaped by superposing strategies exhibits five key characteristics: regional differentiation, interconnectedness, scale nesting, functional transmission, and comprehensive integration. The economic geographic mechanism through which superposing regional strategies regulate and optimize the regional economic system lies in: guiding the rational allocation of production factors based on comparative advantages, leveraging positive external spillover effects through inter-system linkages, achieving effective transmission of strategic functions across different scales by coupling regional strategy scales with functional scales, and generating emergent effects through strategic synergy. Together, these factors amplify the overall impact of superposing regional strategies. This study proposes that maximizing the effects of superposing strategies requires enhancing strategic synergy during regional strategy upgrades, leveraging the overarching and foundational role of major functional areas, systematically optimizing the Regional Coordinated Development Strategy and Regional Major Strategy, and exploring comprehensive functional zones and new territorial spatial systems. This research aims to provide theoretical foundations and decision-making references for formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" and optimizing regional economic layouts while improving spatial governance efficiency during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.

As a product of tourism development in the era of information and communication technology (ICT), investigating the matching relationship and spatial production mechanisms between virtual and physical spaces of internet-famous tourist spots can deepen the understanding of emerging consumption spaces in Chinese cities. From the perspective of virtual-physical spatial interaction, this paper adopts an empirical-structuralist mixed methodology and employs network text mining, kernel density estimation, and a coupling coordination model to analyze the spatial characteristics and matching mechanisms of virtual and real spaces in Nanjing. The findings reveal that: 1) The physical construction density of internet-famous tourist spots exhibits a pronounced monocentric pattern, whereas the density of virtual spatial perception displays a core-periphery expansion. Overall, the coupling between virtual and physical spaces shows a concentric layered structure, There is a notable mismatch between physical construction and virtual perception in certain central areas. 2) From a mechanistic perspective, spatial practice constitutes a production process dominated by capital, in which interest-based collaboration between platforms and scenic spots, together with users' transformation into tourists, serves as a key bridge linking virtual and real spaces. Spatial representations reflect a virtual-physical interaction embedded within power relations, manifested through strategic negotiations among platforms, scenic spots, governments, and tourists. Finally, representational space embodies a process of social evolution shaped by cultural contexts, characterized by the transformation of profit-oriented consumption culture, socialized experiential culture, and labeled popular culture.

Electric vehicle charging stations play an important role in China's new infrastructure strategy. The article considered the walking convenience of drivers and passengers in the process of charging electric vehicles and obtaining other services, used the point of interest (POI) data obtained from AutoNavi open platform and road-net data based on Open Street Map (OSM), and adopted the method of exploratory spatial data analysis, modified Gaussian two-step floating catchment area based on the Gaussian distance decay function and blank areas to calculate the supply pattern and spatial adaptability of charging facilities within the Third Ring Road of Changsha. The results show that: 1) The spatial distribution of charging stations shows a T-shaped agglomeration tendency in the whole region, the density of stations decreases from the central urban to the suburban area, which is consistent with the spatial distribution of road network and public facilities; 2) In general, the spatial adaptability level between charging stations and all kinds of public facilities is not high, and there is a great difference in the adaptability of charging stations and public facilities in different urban functional areas; 3) The dominant blind areas are distributed in the urban fringe, including northeast, southeast and near Gushan Park, the recessive blind areas are mainly concentrated in the central urban areas, which are important target regions for further optimizing the layout of public charging stations.

The urban network along the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor (NILSTC) is undergoing continuous development, and its spatiotemporal evolutionary patterns remain under exploration. This study takes the urban network in the NILSTC region as the research object and constructs a urban association network from 2003 to 2023 based on the headquarters-branch data of listed companies. It systematically explores the evolutionary patterns of network structures and the functional allocation dynamics among nodes. It's found that: 1)The network has transitioned from a dispersed network system to a strongly interactive complex network system. 2) The hierarchical structure of the network is constantly being refined, evolving from a "dual-core-driven" model to a "multi-core-driven" model. It has initially formed a hub-and-spoke network dominated by provincial capital city linkages, with a prominent core-periphery structure and path-dependent characteristics. 3) Most cities exhibit consistency between their importance and control capacity, provincial capitals have maintained long-term dominance in core, high-control positions, while strategic hub cities and emerging industry-oriented cities have shown significant functional upgrades. 4) The spatial form of network community have evolved from extreme fragmentation to a segmented structure of distinct territorial blocks, with reinforced spatial integration and progressively deepening land-sea connectivity. Based on the research conclusions, this study proposes pathways to optimize the urban network along the NILSTC, providing theoretical underpinnings and practical guidance for high-quality development and coordinated regional governance.

Research on gentrification in China lacks an understanding of the inherent laws of gentrification phenomena and an objective value judgment of gentrification effects. Focusing on cultural tourism resource-enabled gentrification, this study analyzes the types, mechanisms, and effects observed in the renewal and transformation of Nanjing's "Southern Old City". Specifically, first, cultural tourism gentrification within the "Southern Old City" can be categorized into three types: historical block reproduction, poetic habitat reinvention, and functional superimposition upgrading. Second, the increase in "potential land rent" and the "monopoly rent gap" generated by high-quality, scarce cultural tourism resources constitute the core driving force of cultural tourism resource-enabled gentrification. The diverse paths and types of this gentrification are shaped by the different combinations and dynamic changes in power dynamics and interest relations among local governments, market forces, and social groups. Third, while gentrification facilitates the revival, reproduction, and diversified use of historical and cultural heritage, vigilance is required against issues such as excessive capitalization and commercialization. It is suggested that greater efforts should be devoted to enhancing the exploration, protection, and utilization of historical and cultural resources, avoid negative consequences such as "residential displacement" and social inequity during the process of gentrification, and guide cultural and tourism-driven gentrification to serve as an effective tool for promoting urban renewal and high-quality development.

With the rise of short-video platforms, cultural and tourism short videos have gradually become an important channel for the public to obtain travel information and share travel experiences, while user interactions and feedback significantly influence the online attention and image perception of destinations. Taking "cultural tourism in northeast China" as the research focus, this study collects 500 short videos, 89849 comment texts, and 375 tourist locations from Douyin, explores the spatial attention pattern and emotional cognition of viewers toward cultural tourism in northeast China and analyzes their influence mechanisms based on the methods of principal component analysis, spatial analysis, text mining, and sentiment analysis. The findings show that: 1) The overall attention toward cultural and tourism short videos in northeast China shows an uneven distribution pattern, which is higher in the north and east of northeast China and lower in the central region of northeast China, with high-value areas mostly concentrated in regions with prominent resource endowments and complete urban functions. 2) Different types of cultural tourism destinations exhibit significant spatial differentiation: natural ecological sites show strong polarization characteristics, historical and cultural destinations form a "dual-core" structure centered on major cities, modern experiential tourism is concentrated mainly in the eastern region. 3) Viewer sentiments are predominantly positive, with high proportions of favorable comments reflecting a good online reputation for their tourism in northeast China, although some negative feedback—such as cold weather and high costs—also exists. 4) The level of online attention to cultural tourism destinations is jointly driven by video content, platform dissemination logic, and user emotional responses, with emotional expressions in the comments section playing a reverse role in shaping the online image of these destinations.

This paper identifies the concept of regional innovation resilience, employs a core variable method to measure urban innovation resilience in China from 2003 to 2019 in terms of resistance and recoverability, and uses the methods of exploratory spatial-temporal data analysis and spatial econometric model to explore the spatio-temporal interactions characteristics and influencing factors of urban innovation resilience. The results show that: 1) The overall level of urban innovation resilience in China is low with significant fluctuations. Spatially, low-resilience cities are spreading from the northwestern and southwestern regions toward the northeastern region, while medium-resilience cities are diffusing from the eastern and southern coastal areas toward the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. 2) In the process of urban innovation resilience, there is a negative correlation between resistance and recoverability. The relationship of innovation resilience between neighboring cities generally shifts from competition to collaborative development, but the spatial interactions between low resilience cities exhibit the characteristics of inertia and path dependence. 3) There are positive spatial spillover effects and negative temporal lag effects. government R&D investment and collaborative innovation exert negative and positive indirect effects on urban innovation resilience, respectively. Agglomeration effects and foreign investment have negative and positive spillover effects. The industrial structure has positive direct and spillover effects, while the level of financial development has a significant inhibitory effect on the innovation resilience of both local and neighboring cities.

The high-quality development of the tourism industry is an essential aspect of overall high-quality development. The development of new quality productive forces is an intrinsic requirement and a key focus for promoting high-quality tourism development. Exploring how new quality productive forces empower the high-quality development of tourism is a significant practical necessity and an important scientific proposition in the context of China's modernization. Therefore, this study systematically reviews relevant research progress and constructs a conceptual matrix model for empowering high-quality tourism development based on the theory of new quality productive forces and systems thinking paradigms. It also proposes important topics that future research should urgently address and explore. The findings reveal that: 1) The conceptual matrix model serves as a tool to organize and analyze the complex relationships between concepts, providing a systematic, logical, and intuitive theoretical framework to clarify the intrinsic link between new quality productive forces and high-quality tourism development. 2) By using the core concepts of new quality productive forces (technological breakthroughs, factor allocation, industry upgrading) as rows and the classic "six elements" of tourism (food, accommodation, transportation, attraction, shopping, and entertainment) as columns, a 3 multiplied by 6 conceptual matrix model is established to offer theoretical and practical references for exploring a uniquely Chinese path of tourism development. 3) Future research should be grounded in the context of the deep integration of culture and tourism, focusing on the synergy of elements, innovative subjects, and realization pathways that empower the high-quality development of tourism through new quality productive forces. This focus aims to contribute to achieving high-quality development in the tourism industry and advancing China’s modernization.

New quality productive forces are an essential requirement for achieving high-quality development. Based on the intrinsic characteristics of new quality productive forces, this paper constructs a measurement index system of the level of new quality productive forces from three perspectives of factors, factor combinations, and industrial forms. It measures the level of new quality productive forces at the provincial level from 2010 to 2023 and examines their temporal and spatial evolution as well as spillover effects. The results show that: 1) The overall level of new quality productive forces shows a steady upward trend, but the growth rate remains slow, and industrial forms serve as the main constraint on development. 2) The regional differences in the level of China's new productive forces are significant, forming a spatial pattern of "strong in the east and weak in the west" and "delayed development in the northeast". However, the level of new quality productive forces in each province is gradually advancing to higher levels. 3) The overall disparity in new quality productive forces gradually narrows, while inter-regional differences contribute the most. 4) The development of new quality productive forces exhibits significant positive spatial correlation, presenting the clustering characteristics of "high-high" and "low-low", as well as a "club convergence" pattern. Path dependence is strong, and the probability of cross-level transition is low. 5) Economic, institutional, educational, and transportation factors significantly influence the development of new quality productive forces. The levels of marketization, higher education, and transportation convenience generate positive spatial spillover effects, whereas economic development level and rule-of-law environment level generate negative spatial spillover effects.

The bidirectional empowerment between the value realization of ecological products and rural industrial revitalization serves as a critical pathway to reconcile the conflict between ecological conservation and economic development. This study systematically elucidates the theoretical, institutional, and practical logic underlying their mutual empowerment from the synergistic perspective of "factor-industry-institution", deconstructs their interaction mechanisms, proposes a dynamic system characterized by "factor activation driving industrial development, industrial feedback enhancing factor upgrading, and institutional synergy ensuring systemic coordination". Furthermore, it analyzes the practical challenges faced in this bidirectional empowerment, including obstructions in factor conversion, inefficiencies in industrial feedback, and insufficient institutional coordination. Finally, it puts some suggestions: establishing value-added "factor-industry" channels for resource conversion, developing virtuous circular "economy-ecology" pathways for industrial feedback, and ensuring a closed-loop policy incentive system for institutional synergy. The proposed mechanism of bidirectional empowerment provides a systematic pathway for improving the value realization mechanism of ecological products, promoting the green transformation of rural industries, and thereby achieving the coordinated development of ecological civilization and rural revitalization.

Based on the panel data of China's resource-based cities in 2011-2022, this study employs the methods of fixed-effects models and spatial Durbin models to empirically analyze the impact of digital-real integration on the economic resilience of resource-based cities. Additionally, the TOE framework is introduced to examine the underlying mechanisms. The research findings are as follows: 1) Digital-real integration can significantly enhance the economic resilience of resource-based cities, with notable heterogeneity. In terms of geographical distribution, digital-real integration has a significantly positive impact on resource-based cities in the southern region of the Hu Huanyong Line, a moderate effect on cities along the line, and a negative impact on cities in the northern region. In terms of resource endowment, digital-real integration has a pronounced strengthening effect on the economic resilience of coal-based and non-metallic resource-based cities, a moderate effect on metal-based cities, and no statistically significant effect is observed for forestry-based and oil-and-gas-based cities. 2) Mechanism tests indicate that digital-real integration enhances the economic resilience of resource-based cities through the pathways of information empowerment, structural upgrading, and public-driven mechanisms. 3) Digital-real integration exhibits a clear spatial spillover effect on the economic resilience of resource-based cities, demonstrating strong "core-periphery" characteristics.

This paper focuses on the synergistic relationship between green development and common prosperity, based on the key time points in the evolution of the national policies and policy follow-up in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), construct evaluation system with reference to authoritative policy documents, use entropy-weighted TOPSIS method to measure the level of green development and common prosperity of 41 cities in the YRD from 2012 to 2021, create Green-Prosperity Synergistic Index (GPI) to quantify the synergistic state of the two; use Global Moran's Index and Hot Spot Analysis to portray the spatio-temporal synergistic evolution features, and use Threshold Regression Model to explore the driving factors and influencing mechanisms. The study finds that: 1) in time sequence, green development level and common prosperity level fluctuate and rise, the latter grows significantly, and regional differences are gradually narrowed; 2) spatially, the green development level in northern Jiangsu and northern Anhui, as well as in Ningbo and Jiaxing, is low initially, but the overall level is better at the later stage; the common prosperity level shows the pattern of "strong in the east and weak in the west", and the economically developed regions and their neighboring areas have obvious advantages; 3) the spatial and temporal synergistic evolution of green development and common prosperity shows significant spatial clustering characteristics, with hotspots concentrating in cities with outstanding ecological advantages but weak economic foundations, such as Huangshan, Chizhou, Xuancheng, etc., and coldspots concentrating in cities with high degrees of interference in economic activities, such as Ningbo, Jiaxing, etc.; 4) the economic growth at a low level of technology and the industrial structure of high-intensity government intervention will hinder the synergistic advancement, with a particularly significant impact on non-common prosperity demonstration and central areas.

The optimal allocation of sports service facilities is an important support for implementing the "Healthy China" strategy and the equalization of public services. Based on the POI data of 31 prefecture-level cities in the Central Yangtze River Urban Agglomeration from 2014 to 2023, this study comprehensively employs kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation and optimal geographic detector methods to reveal the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of the configuration level of sports service facilities. The results show that: 1) The configuration level of sports service facilities in the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River has increased from 0.179 to 1.225, and the total number of facilities has jumped from 2693 to 18436, showing a continuous growth trend and forming a gradient pattern of "Greater Nanchang Metropolitan Area > Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Metropolitan Area > Wuhan Metropolitan Area". The nuclear density curve shifts to the right and the height of the main peak decreases, reflecting that the spatial distribution is gradually becoming more balanced. However, there is still trailing lag in peripheral cities such as Ji 'an and Tianmen. 2) The types of sports service facilities show a "pyramid-shaped" differentiation, with fitness centers and billiard halls having the highest density. The spatial distribution presents a "core-edge" pattern. The global Moran's I value ranges from -0.043 to -0.132, showing a significant spatial negative correlation. 3) Social and economic development factors have the strongest impact on the configuration level of sports service facilities, while traffic carrying capacity and environmental quality factors have relatively weak influences on it. Moreover, the level of urbanization and the accessibility of the road network have the strongest explanatory power. In the future, the configuration level of sports service facilities should be enhanced in a coordinated manner from multiple dimensions, including promoting social and economic development, optimizing urban spatial layout and transportation networks.

Based on the panel data from 285 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2005 to 2023, this study employs a spatial difference-in-differences model to empirically examine the mechanisms and pathways of pilot policy of national new generation artificial intelligence innovation and development (NNGAIID) on urban haze mitigation and carbon reduction in both local and adjacent cities. It's found that: 1) Spatially, urban haze pollution and carbon emissions exhibit distinct regional heterogeneity, with a pronounced "pollution lock-in effect" evident in the "coal triangle area". Temporally, the growth rate of urban haze and carbon emissions has decelerated overall, reflecting a spatial shift toward the northwestern region. 2) The NNGAIID pilot policy significantly contributes to environmental improvement in both local and adjacent cities; this result remains robust across a comprehensive set of robustness checks. 3) Mechanism analysis confirms that promoting technological progress, inhibiting urban sprawl, and facilitating economic agglomeration serve as critical transmission channels for the NNGAIID pilot policy to empower "local-neighboring" cities in reducing haze and carbon emissions. 4) Heterogeneous effects indicate that the dual "local-adjacent" impact is more pronounced in non-resource-based cities and central cities. This paper provides theoretical foundations and empirical evidence to inform the design of targeted policies that leverage artificial intelligence innovation for integrated air quality and carbon emission management under the "Dual Carbon" strategy.

The rapid development of new media technology has led to a high incidence of online public opinion in tourism crisis emergencies. These emergencies are characterized by swift dissemination, broad impact, and increasingly significant negative effects. Taking the ticket refund incident of Harbin Ice and Snow World as a case study, this paper integrates sentiment analysis models and spatial statistical methods to systematically reveal the spatiotemporal differentiation patterns and driving factors of online public opinion in tourism crisis emergencies. The findings indicate that: 1) The evolution of online public opinion exhibits stage-specific and spatially polarized characteristics, with the outbreak phase concentrated in the three northeastern provinces and the decline phase diminishing with increasing spatial distance. 2) Spatial autocorrelation analysis demonstrates that geographical proximity and cultural identity jointly shape the diffusion pathways of online public opinion. 3) Online attention, population migration intensity, economic level, and spatial distance synergistically drive the distribution of online public opinion, with significant interaction effects observed. By conducting a dual-dimensional spatiotemporal analysis of online public opinion in tourism crisis emergencies, this study provides insights for public authorities to accurately identify public opinion risks and formulate differentiated spatial governance strategies.

The "sheltered-type" landscape spaces in traditional villages refer to the spatial organizations designed primarily for self-concealment, risk avoidance, and threat prevention. The essence of this type of landscape is not merely a spatialized response to collective security needs, but also a cultural translation strategy for addressing existential anxiety. While the external manifestations of villages across different ethnic groups display heterogeneity, the underlying spatial schema structures exhibit commonalities. This study employs a spatial schema methodology, integrating perspectives from philosophy, design, and cultural psychology, to explore the common schema structure inherent in the landscape heritage of traditional villages. On one hand, the study constructs the generative mechanism of "sheltered-type" landscape spaces, which is shaped through the interplay between the logical schema of "community clustering", "harmony prioritization", "awareness of potential threats" and the context schema of "geographic diversity" and "richness of social interactions". This interplay gives rise to a "ring-like structure", unveiling the dynamic relationship between foundational cultural roots and diverse external manifestations. On the other hahnd, addressing the deficiencies in the conservation of traditional village landscapes, the study takes examples from Han, Tibetan, Tujia, Yao, Dong, and Dai ethnic groups to establish a "point-line-plane-volume" framework. It proposes preservation pathways characterized by "horizontal enclosure" and "vertical separation". By analyzing the spatialized representation of the multiethnic unity of the Chinese nation, the study benefits to enhance cultural subjectivity, strengthen ethnic identity, and provide theoretical reference for the indigenous preservation of this type of landscape heritage.

Multi-Channel Network (MCN), as internet celebrity incubators, serves as a critical link connecting internet celebrities, digital platforms, and manufacturers in the internet celebrity economy industrial chain. Exploring their location choice characteristics and influencing factors holds significant implications for constructing the theory of enterprise location behavior in the digital economy era and guiding the practice of regional industrial development. Based on the data from the Douyin platform, this study employs the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) to examine the location choice characteristics of MCN in China and uses spatial econometric models to reveal their influencing factors. The results indicate that: 1) Chinese MCN is characterized by large-scale disparities and wide distribution, with a long-tail distribution in quantity and significant inter-city differences. Sixty-one percent of the enterprises are concentrated in the top 20 megacities, while some MCN has sunk to small and medium-sized cities as well as central and western regions. 2) MCN presents a spatial pattern of "overall dispersion and local agglomeration", distributing across regions and cities of different scales. Meanwhile, four high-density agglomeration areas have formed, namely the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration, Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration, and Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, showing the coexistence of "physical agglomeration" and "virtual agglomeration". 3) There is a significant negative spatial spillover effect in the location choice of MCN. Skilled talents, institutional thickness, production proximity, information proximity, public service facilities, green coverage area, and social vitality exert significantly positive impacts, while industrial foundation has a significantly negative impact. This study aims to provide references for the industrial layout of China's internet celebrity economy and the industrial development path selection of late-developing regions.

This paper visualizes the spatiotemporal patterns of digital finance development level and carbon emission intensity on the basis of the panel data of 823 counties in China's provincial borders from 2014 to 2020. It also employs the STIRPAT model and Spatial Durbin Model to test the impact of digital finance on carbon emission intensity in counties of China's provincial borders. The results show that: 1) From 2014 to 2020, the development level of digital finance has been continuously improved in counties of China's provincial borders, presenting an overall spatial pattern of being higher in the east and lower in the west. Carbon emission intensity showed a downward trend, counties in the west of provincial borders are the main agglomeration areas of high carbon emission intensity. 2) The development of digital finance in counties of China's provincial borders has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emission intensity, showing strong stability. 3) The development of digital finance in counties of China's provincial borders has an inhibitory effect on the local carbon emission intensity, but it increases the carbon emission intensity of adjacent counties, and there is significant regional heterogeneity in the impact of digital finance on carbon emission intensity in counties of China's provincial borders. 4) The digital finance in counties of China's provincial borders can significantly reduce carbon emission intensity through the effects of industrial structure upgrading and technological innovation. In response to the specific conditions of counties of China's provincial borders, this paper proposes a core strategy of reducing carbon emission intensity through digital finance, as well as development strategies featuring advantage-driven growth, adaptation to local conditions and collaborative cooperation.

The study constructs an evaluation indicator system for deindustrialization economic risk from four dimensions: product risk, factor risk, market risk, and foreign exchange risk. It then measures and evaluates the deindustrialization economic risk across 30 provinces in China. The findings are as follows: 1) The eastern region has relatively low and declining deindustrialization economic risk; the central region follows but shows greater volatility; the western and northeastern regions face higher levels of economic risk. 2) The disparities in China's deindustrialization economic risk primarily stem from increasing interregional divergence, while intraregional differences remain relatively stable. The gap between the eastern region and other regions is the most pronounced and is widening over time. 3) China's deindustrialization economic risk exhibits a spatial clustering pattern characterized by "economic similarity as the primary driver and geographical proximity as the secondary factor". Per capita income, government intervention, and transportation infrastructure significantly influence this spatial distribution. 4) The constructed early warning system for deindustrialization economic risk is capable of accurately predicting risk values and identifying risk levels. It is imperative to further consolidate the foundational role of the manufacturing sector in the national economy, establish a risk assessment and response mechanism for deindustrialization economic risks, and coordinate industrial development and economic security with a systemic perspective.

Against the backdrop of rural revitalization strategies, the return of residents to rural tourism destinations has emerged as a critical pathway to activate endogenous development dynamics in rural areas. This study constructs a four-dimensional theoretical framework of "connotation attributes—key issues—implementation logic—research framework" to reveal the mechanism through which returning residents promote comprehensive rural revitalization via the synergy of talent, technology, and capital. Findings indicate that returnees drive industrial integration, ecological value transformation, and cultural inheritance through the "human capital upgrading—spatial reproduction—governance modernization" transmission chain, yet challenges such as structural talent mismatch and fragmented policies persist. The proposed "element-fusion-transmission" analytical framework addresses gaps in existing research on dynamic mechanisms and multidimensional synergies, offering theoretical and practical insights for policymakers to optimize talent strategies and balance conservation-development goals. The innovation lies in systematically integrating industrial, ecological, and cultural dimensions, providing a novel perspective for resolving urban-rural resource disparities and achieving sustainable rural development.

Based on the low-altitude economic patent data of 337 cities in China from 2013 to 2024, and using the methods of LDA topic model, location quotient index, social network analysis method and geographic detector, this paper reveals the spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of China's low-altitude economic innovation network. It's found that: 1) China's low-altitude economic innovation has formed the cluster fusion structure of five major technologies, with low-altitude perception and flight control system, low-altitude intelligence and data processing system being dominant. 2) Technological innovation has evolved from a highly centralized network to a multi-center network. Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai have formed a "dual-core+balanced hub" pattern. Cities such as Xi'an, Nanjing and Hangzhou have formed comparative advantages in specific technological fields, showing a spatial division of labor pattern of "eastern region leading the R&D, central and western regions focusing on specialized in targeted fields". 3) The urban collaborative network has experienced the dual evolution process of scale expansion and efficiency improvement. Four types of urban collaborative evolution modes are identified: comprehensive hub type, scene-driven type, technology-specialized type and collaborative support type. The topological structure has evolved from single-point agglomeration to multi-polarization development trend. 4) The formation of the low-altitude economic innovation network is the result of the nonlinear synergy of innovation-driven, industrial ecology, market environment and institutional policies. The driving mechanism has evolved from the factor facility dependence to the system synergy drive, and the role of policy factors has gradually been embedded from external supply as the core hub of network synergy. On the basis of the above, it puts forward some policy suggestions, such as matching resource allocation, improving functional coordination, implementing classification policies and promoting system empowerment, in order to provide scientific support for the spatial optimization layout and network structure evolution of China 's low-altitude economy.

Urban resilience is an inherent potential for the sustainable development of urban socio-ecological systems. Coastal cities are subject to land-sea overlapping disturbances, and it is urgent for them to scientifically modulate urban resilience in order to safeguard development security. This study introduces an analytical framework and index system designed to deconstruct urban resilience through the "element-feature-capability" interlinkages. Employing a suite of methods—mutation level analysis, kernel density estimation, Markov chain modeling, and self-organizing feature maps—we uncover the temporal and spatial dynamics of coastal city resilience, with a case study focused on the Bohai Rim region. Our findings also delineate the the mechanisms by which the resilience capacity model and its intrinsic interactions influence resilience evolution. The results show that: 1)A distinct spatial gradient in the Bohai Rim region's urban resilience from 2010 to 2019, characterized by higher resilience in the south and lower in the north, with pronounced subsystem resilience disparities. 2)An overall ascent in the resilience of coastal cities, with economic resilience showing the most significant growth, ecological resilience following suit, and social and comprehensive resiliences exhibiting a slower rise. The region experiences variations in resilience differentials, with ecological resilience demonstrating notable spatial imbalances. 3)The resilience dynamics show a "club convergence" phenomenon, but cities with medium-level resilience face the risk of regression. 4)Coastal cities along the Bohai Rim region show five distinct resilience capacity patterns, with the economic recovery lagging type (Type Ⅲ) predominating at 35% to 47%, and the recovery-led type (Type Ⅱ) and the ecological resistance-economic resistance-led type (Type Ⅳ) each accounting for about 18%. While most cities maintain stable patterns, some undergo transitions between two patterns. 5)The emergence and evolution of these resilience capacity patterns depend on trade-offs and synergies among subsystem resilience capacities, which is the main force guiding the trajectory of resilience evolution. Fostering the optimal progression of the inherent resilience capacity relationships within each pattern is essential for enhancing urban resilience. The construction of resilience in coastal cities should be advanced from the aspects of conceptual objectives, implementation pathways, and institutional guarantees.

Strengthening water environment supervision measures is crucial for curbing water pollution, improving water ecological quality, and achieving sustainable development. This paper focuses on the monitoring effectiveness of national surface water quality automatic monitoring stations and examines their role in promoting the exit of polluting enterprises from river basins. The research finds that national-controlled water stations only significantly promote the exit of water pollution-intensive enterprises in the upstream, while the exit effect is not significant in the downstream due to regulatory blind spots, presenting a structural exit feature. Mechanism analysis indicates that upstream enterprises accelerate their exit due to limited innovation and rising costs, while downstream enterprises have a stronger tendency to survive due to lenient supervision. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of discontinuous supervision varies due to differences in regional economic development levels and fiscal pressures. The study reveals the spatial limitations of the national-controlled water station monitoring system and its constraints on the efficiency of river basin governance, providing theoretical basis and policy recommendations for optimizing the layout of water quality monitoring networks and promoting coordinated governance between upstream and downstream areas.

Grounded in the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, this study employs a dynamic qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) approach to explore the configuration paths of the improvement of the total factor productivity (TFP) of rural tourism through the digital economy on the basis of county-level panel data of Anhui Province from 2014 to 2023. The findings indicate that: 1) The TFP of rural tourism in Anhui Province's counties has witnessed an increase, but it has significant spatiotemporal disparities, with regional gaps widening year by year. 2) High TFP in rural tourism is primarily driven by four distinct models: the demand-oriented model, the environment-driven model, the comprehensive collaboration model, and the environment-infrastructure dual-drive model. 3) The effectiveness of identical configurational pathways varies across counties, differentiated by the dynamic interplay of multi-dimensional factors. 4) The applicability of these models varies spatially among counties and can be classified as high, medium, or low types. This study reveals the multiple complex paths of the TFP improvement of rural tourism through the digital economy, broadening the research perspective for the high-quality development of rural tourism.

Optimizing the zonal development strategy of territorial space is crucial for sustaining the development of growth-oriented metropolitan areas. Selecting the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Metropolitan Area as a case study, this study establishes a comprehensive evaluation framework for economic-ecosystem resilience and their coupling coordination. By assessing ecological sources and ecological security patterns, it examines the adaptive interactions of territorial spatial functions from the multi dimension and proposes the optimization strategies for the zonal development in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Metropolitan Area. The results show that: 1) Economic resilience and ecological resilience both show a core-periphery divergence with north-south differentiation pattern, while the economic-ecosystem resilience shows a gradient feature which is higher in the north and east of metropolitan area, and lower in the south and west of metropolitan area. The economic-ecological coupling coordination degree (CCD) exhibits a reverse core-periphery pattern, with the central urban area having low coordination (CCD<0.5) and eastern regions like Liling and Liuyang achieving high coordination (CCD>0.68). The higher the economic development level, the more obvious the mutual feedback and constraint effects of economic-ecological coordinated development. 2) The ecological security pattern index in research area is primarily at medium to high level. The three-tier ecological network configuration of "expansion along the river, green heart as the core, outer forest as the buffer" further confirms the spatial distribution characteristics of ecological source areas being "dominated in the east and supported in the south", highlighting the significant advantages of the regional ecological background and serving as the key spatial foundation for the integrity of the regional ecosystem. 3) The territorial space of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Metropolitan Area has been rezoned into nine functional types. The study analyzes the characteristics of each zone and defines the key future directions—eastward integration and westward coordinated development—as well as the optimization strategies for each.

The article takes prefecture level cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2021 as the research object, and uses methods such as super efficiency MinDS-GML model, kernel density estimation, standard deviation ellipse, exploratory spatiotemporal data analysis, and panel quantile regression to explore the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of green low-carbon transition in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. It’s found that: 1) The level of green low-carbon transition index in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has shown a fluctuating upward trend over time, accompanied by a multipolar differentiation phenomenon; the overall manifestation of green low-carbon transition index in the region is a spatial pattern of "high at both ends and low in the middle", presenting a clustering trend of "large areas, small scattered". 2) The local spatial structure of the green low-carbon transition index in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has a certain degree of robustness; during the process of spatiotemporal transition, there is relatively little transfer between different types of spatial correlations. The spatial correlation structure of the green low-carbon transition index is greatly influenced by its own factors, and there is a certain risk of falling into the dilemma of transition in low-value areas. 3) Government support, green innovation, human capital, environmental regulations, opening up, and industrial structure all have significant impacts on the green low-carbon transition, with green innovation having the strongest effect; the effects of various influencing factors vary at different quantiles.

This paper summarizes the typical facts about the intelligent transformation of Chinese agriculture, constructs a theoretical framework for the agricultural intelligence transformation empowered by the digital economy, and verifies the feasibility and practicality of the theoretical framework through case studies. The research finds that: 1) Trends of intelligent transformation in Chinese agriculture are evident in aspects such as agricultural and rural informatization, the use of intelligent agricultural machinery, the development of rural e-commerce, and the driving forces behind agricultural intelligentization in China. 2) The digital economy can optimize the allocation of factors, increase the supply of data and information, drive the intelligentization of agricultural equipment, enhance agricultural human capital, and promote the intelligent upgrading of the entire agricultural industry chain, thereby empowering and driving the intelligent transformation of agriculture. Based on these findings, a policy system for the digital economy to empower the intelligent development of agriculture is constructed from four implementation paths, a "one body with two wings" promotion mechanism, and four safeguard mechanisms. This paper provides more specific policy insights for the continuous advancement of agricultural intelligentization in China and is of great significance for building a strong agricultural country.

Taking the perspective of coordinated development, this study examines the impact of information flow on the synergy of economic development and ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin, using data of 58 prefecture-level cities in the basin from 2012 to 2021. The results show that the synergy level of economic development and ecological environment in the Yellow River basin increased from 0.503 in 2012 to 0.579 in 2021, with the spatial distribution characteristics of "high in the middle and lower reaches, and low in the upper reaches". The information flow and technology transfer network in the Yellow River Basin both presents a "polycentric" spatial pattern. For every unit increase in information flow, the synergy between economic development and ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin increased by 0.102 units. The effect of information flow exhibits regional heterogeneity, with a more pronounced impact on upstream regions and non-provincial capital areas. Mechanism analysis indicates that information flow promotes technology transfer among cities in the basin, thereby influencing the level of coordinated development between the economy and environment. Therefore, efforts should be made to accelerate the development of the information industry, promote coordinated and interconnected development among different regions in the Yellow River Basin, and utilize information flow to empower the real economy, achieving the coordinated development of the economy and ecology.

The construction of digital villages serves as a crucial pillar in driving the transformation, upgrading, and innovative development of rural tourism. Based on the panel data of 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2015 to 2024, this article employs the methods of benchmark regression models, mediation effect models, and spatial Durbin models to analyze the impact of digital technology innovation on rural tourism public service and its spatial effects. The results indicated that: 1) The level of rural tourism public service in China at provincial level showed fluctuating growth but a slow pace of increase, with a clear spatial differentiation characteristic which was higher in the eastern and central regions and lower in the western regions. Henan was at the highest level in rural tourism public service, while Shanghai was the lowest. 2) Digital technology innovation has a significant promoting effect on public services in rural tourism, and human capital and industrial upgrading are the main influencing mechanisms. 3) The impact of digital technology innovation on rural tourism public service varies due to differences in geographical location and economic development level, with a more significant promotional effect observed in the eastern region and regions with a high level of economic development. 4) Digital technology innovation has a significant spatial spillover effect on rural tourism public service, with inter-provincial spillovers being stronger than inter-regional spillovers within provinces. Based on the above, it proposes some countermeasures and suggestions for promoting rural tourism public service through digital technology innovation from three aspects: factor input, mode innovation and collaborative governance.

Focusing on Hefei's central urban area and based on the multi-source data such as Landsat data, NPP-VIIRS-like nighttime light data, land cover data, green space data, and building footprint data, this study systematically investigates the gradient differences and marginal effects of urban morphological indicators on heat island intensity using the DEMATEL-ISM model with GBRT (Gradient Boosted Regression Trees). Key findings reveal that: 1) Heat island intensity increased with urban expansion from 2006 to 2020, but decelerated over time. 2) Urban morphology indicators exhibit gradient-dependent impacts on urban heat island intensity. Critical optimization pathways vary across development gradients: land-use configuration dominates in high-development zones, while green space patterns are prioritized in low-development zones. 3) Marginal effects of morphological indicators show distinct gradient variations. The intensity and direction of key indicators' impacts shift with their values, accompanied by divergent thresholds and positive/negative critical points.

Common prosperity is one of the basic connotations of Chinese-style modernization. Geography has significant disciplinary advantages in the study of this proposition. In view of the imperfect measurement method system and the lack of in-depth regional empirical research in the current research on common prosperity, this paper improves the measurement method system based on the comprehensiveness, regionality, process and multi-agent of geography and conducts empirical analysis of multi-scale, multi-dimensional and long-term series. The study found that: 1) Common prosperity can be deconstructed from two aspects: the level of prosperity and the common level. The level of prosperity is manifested in the comprehensive development level of the economy, society, resources and infrastructure, and the common level refers to the regional gap and multi-dimensional differentiation of the comprehensive development level. 2) Under the strategy of regional coordinated development, China’s level of common prosperity has steadily improved, marked by dual growth in both prosperity and common. However, this progress is accompanied by regional and dimensional heterogeneity. Notably, national levels of prosperity and common have seen significant gains, while the prosperity patterns across major regions have undergone substantial restructuring, with increasingly distinct functional characteristics. The disparity between regions has become more pronounced relative to intra-regional variations. At the provincial level, the prosperity pattern remains generally stable, though notable trends are emerging within specific dimensions. 3) The evolution of China's common prosperity has a significant space-time correlation. Common prosperity has a strong response to the evolution of the degree of prosperity. The spatial pattern of agglomeration common prosperity has gradually emerged, and the characteristics of common prosperity dominated by prosperity have become increasingly prominent. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions on gradually alleviating the inter-regional gap and forming a new pattern of regional development with complementary advantages by taking the regional coordinated development strategy as the core, which can provide scientific reference for solidly promoting common prosperity.

Rural social space is a space constructed by the social relations and behaviors of rural residents, and it is closely related to the rural market, which is a place for commodity exchange and trading activities in rural society. Based on the social network analysis method (SNA), this paper takes Yunshan Town, Qin'an County, Gansu Province, which is located in Longzhong loess hilly region, as the empirical research area, analyzes the evolution process and characteristics of rural social space by constructing a social network model, and explores the interactive relationship and mechanism between the evolution of rural social space and the development of rural market. It's found that:. 1) In the traditional society stage, the urbanization stage and the informationization stage, the rural social space of Yunshan Town has changed significantly, showing an ever-expanding tendency. 2) With the continuous expansion of the rural social space, the interaction between the structure of the rural social network and the nodes of the network in Yunshan Town have become increasingly complex, the rural social network has significant small-world characteristics at different stages of development, the relationship between the network nodes is relatively stable. 3) The evolution of rural social space has a significant impact on the development of rural markets. With the continuous advancement of urbanization and the rapid development of rural informatization, the rural social space in Yunshan Town has been expanding, the traditional functions of the rural market have gradually been eroded and are showing a trend of decline.

Under the expansion of the large-scale HSR network, the layout mode and spatial effect of "one city, multiple stations" for high-speed railway has gradually become a new research field. Using the POI point data and spatial analysis method, this paper conducts an empirical analysis on the evolution of industrial spatial pattern of three typical high-speed railway station areas in Suzhou from 2012 to 2023. Research has found that there is a significant gradient differentiation in the industrial structure and spatial agglomeration of the three types of station areas. The structural changes of edge stations are the most prominent, and the industrial upgrading of central and edge stations is obvious. The basic service industry dominates and continues to strengthen, while the derivative industries are relatively lagging behind; The industrial space presents differentiated characteristics of balanced diffusion of central stations, dual core aggregation of peripheral stations, and stable dependence of satellite city stations on existing patterns, with significant directional movement. Mechanism analysis shows that the evolution of industrial space is driven by common factors within a single city, such as urban income levels and station capacity, as well as heterogeneous responses from multiple stations, such as location competition, transportation accessibility, path dependence, and inter station interactions, such as functional decentralization, market classification, and factor barriers. This reflects the complexity of functional division of labor and collaborative development within a multi station system. The study reveals the differentiated path of industrial spatial evolution under the "one city, multiple stations" system, providing theoretical basis and practical reference for the functional classification and coordinated development of high-speed railway station areas.

Guided by China's energy transition goals in the new era, which emphasize a balanced approach to low-carbon transformation and energy security, this study develops an evaluation matrix for low-carbon energy resilience. The matrix integrates domains from the low-carbon perspective—energy endowment, economy, society, and environment—with stages from the resilience perspective—planning, absorption, recovery, and adaptation. Integrated methods, including the optimal combination weighting method, kernel density estimation, and the Dagum Gini coefficient, are employed to measure China's low-carbon energy resilience from 2012 to 2022 and summarize its spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics. The geographic detector is further applied to identify dominant driving factors and their temporal evolution. The study shows that: 1) China's low-carbon energy resilience generally exhibited a fluctuating upward trend, with the highest level observed in the western region, followed by the central, eastern, and northeastern regions, respectively. 2) Low-carbon energy resilience in western regions has developed comprehensively across various sectors, with particularly strong performance in energy endowment and environmental dimensions, demonstrating robust adaptive capacity; central and northeastern regions display a "jack-of-all-trades dilemma," with capabilities dispersed across domains without distinct advantages; the eastern region demonstrates strong resilience in economic and social spheres and high absorption capacity, but shows relative weaknesses in energy endowment and environmental dimensions; overall regional disparities are narrowing, primarily driven by interregional differences. 3) During the study period, the drivers of low-carbon energy resilience evolved from economic guidance dominance to technology support dominance, and finally to a phase of multi-dimensional synergy. The explanatory power of interaction factors was significantly greater than that of single factors, particularly in interactions involving the behavioral coordination dimension.

This study constructs an indicator system for measuring green total factor productivity of grain (GTFP) that includes undesirable outputs, and employs the super efficiency SBM model and the GML index to measure the GTFP of 25 prefecture-level cities in the Huaihe River Eco-Economic Belt from 2012 to 2022. Furthermore, it uses the geographic detector to investigate its influencing factors. The study finds that: 1) From 2012 to 2022, the average GTFP of the Huaihe River Eco-Economic Belt shows a U-shaped trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The slight increase in the GML indexis primarily attributed to technological progress. 2) There are significant disparities in the spatiotemporal patterns of GTFP across the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Huaihe River Eco-Economic Belt. 3) Farmers' livelihood security and the level of agricultural mechanization are core factors influencing GTFP. Moreover, the driving effect after the interaction of various influencing factors is significantly enhanced. Based on these findings, this paper proposes the following recommendations: including strengthening green technology innovation and data empowerment, adopting differentiated and targeted development strategies, and improving farmer support mechanisms alongside modernizing agricultural machinery systems, all requiring coordinated implementation through systematic cross-sectoral planning.

This paper constructs an evaluation system comprising five dimensions and 23 indicators, employing integrated methodologies including the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, pentagonal multidimensional evaluation, spatial analysis, and the Gini coefficient. Based on panel data from 2014 to 2023, an empirical study was conducted to examine the temporal evolution and spatial interaction effects of 22 airport-type national logistics hubs in China. The results indicate that: 1) The comprehensive development level of each airport-type national logistics hub has improved to varying degrees over time, overall presenting a "high in the east and low in the west" gradient pattern; 2) The radiating and driving effects of airport-type national logistics hubs have continuously strengthened, transitioning from an initial "central point" to a "central domain"; 3) The Gini coefficient of airport-type national logistics hubs decreased from 0.683 to 0.649, indicating a gradual narrowing of regional disparities, though they remain significant; 4) Infrastructure scale and urban economic support are the two core factors contributing to regional differences, with infrastructure scale alone contributing 41.78%, making it the most influential factor.

The rise of digital inclusive finance has brought new opportunities for poverty reduction and income increase to state-designated poverty-stricken counties. It is of great significance for consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and preventing a return to poverty. Based on the data of 815 former state-designated poverty-stricken counties in China from 2014 to 2022, this paper uses the fixed effect model to explore the poverty reduction effect of digital inclusive finance and its realization path. The research results show that: 1) The development of digital inclusive finance has significantly increased the per capita disposable income of rural residents in former state-designated poverty-stricken counties, enhanced the effect of poverty reduction, and played a positive role in consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and promoting the sustainable development of poverty-stricken areas. 2) Digital financial inclusion promotes equitable distribution and poverty reduction by leveraging the trickle-down effect and optimizing resource allocation, thereby mitigating wealth concentration. 3) The poverty reduction path of digital inclusive finance mainly relies on the positive role of savings and insurance financial services, while credit services are not conducive to poverty alleviation. Based on the above, this paper puts forward some suggestions: improving the service level and quality of digital inclusive finance, making full use of its trickle-down effect to improve income distribution. Additionally, based on the actual conditions and needs of different regions, differentiated strategies should be implemented that prioritize savings and insurance while adopting a prudent approach to credit expansion.