This article embeds the input-output table between regions in China into the GTAPV11 database, constructs a global generalized equilibrium model embedded with 31 provinces in China, and simulates the impact of US tariffs on major economies and Chinese regions under the background of Trump 2.0. The research results indicate that: 1)The GDP of the United States has significantly declined, while China has demonstrated strong resilience to external shocks through its domestic circulation and diversified exports. Other economies such as the European Union, Japan, South Korea, and ASEAN have generally benefited from trade transfer effects. 2)The southeastern coastal regions (such as Guangdong and Shanghai) and inland areas with higher levels of vertical specialization have been greatly impacted, while other regions have not been significantly affected; 3) Although the imposition of tariffs by the United States has a protective effect on some key industries in the short term, it will have significant negative effects in the long run; Although China's key industries have been impacted in the short term, they are showing a long-term growth trend with the adjustment of the domestic supply chain. 4) Labor-intensive industries in various provinces have generally declined, but border provinces may benefit against the trend due to lower labor costs; Technology industries are more affected in export-oriented and processing trade provinces, while they show strong resilience in provinces with more complete industrial systems; The supply chain integration industry represented by the transportation equipment manufacturing industry has shown good shock resistance.
Peripheral regions represent both the extremities of geographical space and the borderland between national systems and governance. Affected by the "core-periphery" of regional development, Northeast China and Russia Far East have experienced peripheralization phenomena such as population decline and lagging economic development in their respective national spatial development. As a result, cross-border economic cooperation between the two regions has become increasingly important. This article takes Heilongjiang Province's investment in the Russian Far East as an example to explore the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of overseas investment in peripheral regions. The results show that: 1) From 2005 to 2021, the investment flow of Heilongjiang Province to Russia fluctuated significantly, and the proportion of investment in Russia to foreign investment varied greatly from year to year. The majority of investors were private enterprises, and greenfield investment was the predominant mode; 2) The cooperative parks invested by Heilongjiang Province in the Russian Far East are mainly concentrated in several Russian oblasts and regions adjacent to China, with industries mainly focused on processing and manufacturing, resource development, and agricultural production. Large scale investment projects are mostly located in the border areas between China and Russia, with a small amount extending to the peripheral areas of the Far East, covering areas such as oil, mineral development, and infrastructure construction; 3) In terms of investment timing, there were relatively few investments from 2002 to 2005, and the funds mainly came from Mudanjiang City; The number of investments increased significantly from 2006 to 2011, and the investment entities gradually expanded from border cities to the hinterland of Heilongjiang Province; The investment heat continued from 2012 to 2016, with the Jewish Autonomous Oblast and Amur Oblast becoming emerging regions of concern for investors; The number of parks and projects has decreased from 2017 to 2021, but peripheral areas such as Sakha Republic and Sakhalin Oblast have begun to receive investment; 4)The investment spatial pattern of Heilongjiang Province in the Russian Far East is mainly influenced by factors such as geopolitical relations, policy systems, cross-border social capital, and spatial infrastructure, which interweave and affect its evolution process. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of investment cooperation in Sino-Russian border areas and provides both theoretical insights and empirical evidence for reseach on overseas investment in peripheral regions.
As a key driver in the digital economy era, exploring the regional disparities in information consumption holds significant theoretical and practical implications for stimulating consumption potential, expanding domestic demand, and promoting regional coordinated development. This study constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system based on three dimensions: information consumption demand, supply, and environment. Using the vertical and horizontal deviation maximization method, we quantify China's information consumption levels and systematically analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and multi-scale effects of information consumption level disparities from 2004 to 2023 through integrated approaches including exploratory spatial analysis, Dagum Gini coefficient, scale variance model, and spatial Durbin model. The results show that: 1) During the study period, China's overall information consumption level demonstrated a sustained upward trend, with provincial-scale spatial distribution exhibiting a "demonstration-catch-up" gradient development pattern, while municipal-scale distribution showed a "multi-point blooming" nodal development mode. 2) Regional disparity decomposition reveals that North-South differences mainly stem from intra-regional variations, while inter-regional differences constitute the primary source of disparities among the four major regions (eastern, central, western, and northeastern China), with the contribution rate of inter-regional differences showing an increasing trend year by year, whereas intra-regional differences display a declining trend. 3) Scale effect analysis indicates that the scale variance of information consumption disparities follows a distinct hierarchical characteristic, decreasing sequentially from municipal, provincial to regional scales, with disparities at all scales exhibiting an expanding trend. 4) Spatial econometric results of influencing factors demonstrate that population density, urban scale, industrial structure and policy shocks have significant positive effects on information consumption development, while government investment shows inhibitory effects. Notably, the estimated effects of influencing factors are relatively similar between northern and southern regions, but exhibit significant regional heterogeneity among the four major regions.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region with many characteristics such as poor environment, fragile ecology and lagging development is a relatively special region in China in terms of ecological environment and socio-economic development. Based on the measurement of the development index of population, social economy and resource environment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region by adopting the entropy method, this study comprehensively employs the coupling coordination model, Kernel density estimation, Dagum Gini coefficient and PVAR model to explore the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination relationship of the "population-social economy-resource and environment" complex system in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region and the interactive response relationship among subsystems. The results show that: 1) During the study period, the overall population and social economy evaluation index of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region showed an upward trend, while the evaluation index of resources and environment remained stable, and the population, social economy as well as resources and environment of most cities were in the middle and low level. 2) The coupling and mutual feedback effect of the composite system regarding "population-social economy-resource and environment" in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region had become stronger; the cities with a higher degree of coupling coordination were mainly located in the eastern and southern regions, which were relatively low-lying and rich in water resources. 3) The social economy in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region had a positive impact on the population. The mutual effects between the social economy and the resource environment are initially positive, but they will gradually weaken until they turn negative.
From the perspective of urban networks, this paper constructs a theoretical framework and measurement index system for the internal cohesion support and external driving force of growth poles, unified at a comprehensive level and influenced by the internal spatial organizational structure of the growth pole. The Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle in the Chengdu-Chongqing region is considered a key assessment object for China's major economic growth pole. Utilizing nationwide urban network data from 2000 to 2020 based on connections with China's top 1000 listed companies and 66,300 enterprises, the research quantitatively measures and comparatively analyzes its role, position, and evolution in the national urban network and the top ten growth poles. The results show that: 1) Under dual-core leadership, the breadth and depth of external connections, along with their radiating driving ability, continue to strengthen, gradually participating in shaping and expanding China's diamond-shaped multipolar network spatial development pattern. 2) Despite surpassing the Shandong Peninsula city cluster in comprehensive level ranking during the observation period and ranking fourth among the top ten growth poles nationwide, significant gaps persist in internal cohesion, external connectivity, and comprehensive levels compared to the existing three national-level growth poles. 3) Imbalances in internal spatial organizational structures, such as low network density, city polarization, and low poly-centrality, pose challenges to the development of small and medium-sized cities, limiting the further enhancement of comprehensive levels. In the future, concerted efforts should focus on optimizing structure, strengthening internal cohesion, and expanding external connections to effectively transform the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle into a growth pole with national influence and a new source of momentum.
The paper focuses on the nine provinces (autonomous regions) within the Yellow River Basin as its research subjects. This study employs methods including comprehensive evaluation, the relative development index, the coupling coordination degree model, and the panel Tobit model to analyze the interprovincial healthcare service supply and high-quality economic development levels in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2020. It also examines their evolutionary patterns of coupling coordination and the underlying driving factors. The findings indicates the following: Firstly, during the study period, the overall level of healthcare service supply in the Yellow River Basin exhibited a fluctuating upward trend, with regional disparities gradually narrowing. Similarly, the overall level of high-quality economic development showed a yearly increasing trend, albeit with considerable regional disparities still in existence. Secondly, the coupling coordination in most provinces (autonomous regions) of the Yellow River Basin remains in an unstable state, with only Shandong and Shaanxi exhibiting relatively stable coupling coordination, consistently maintaining a high level of coordination. Thirdly, the level of urbanization and fiscal autonomy have a significant positive impact on the coupling coordination between healthcare service supply and high-quality economic development, whereas the influence of local government competition is not significant. These study conclusions contribute to a clearer understanding of the coupling coordination dynamics between healthcare service supply and high-quality economic development in the Yellow River Basin, offering policy insights that can aid in achieving their coupling coordination and thus promoting high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.
This paper offers a comprehensive review of literature related to functional zones and administrative districts, spanning the period from 1993 to 2023. It examines these subjects from various angles including policy evolution, historical development, and international experience. The merger of research on functional zones and administrative districts aligns not only with strategic national deployment but also addresses practical governance requirements. On a broad scale, the focus of this research has been on model selection, functional positioning, and regional correlation effects, with the aim of constructing a more rational and efficient regional governance framework. Meanwhile, at medium and micro levels, empirical analysis and comparative research methods are employed to explore innovative paths for spatial integration, a burgeoning area of research. The interaction and reform of institutional mechanisms between functional zones and administrative districts directly impact the effectiveness of spatial governance and the degree of coordinated development. Future research should delve deeper into defining the collaborative paths and mechanisms for different kinds of functional zones and administrative districts, intensify the study of spatial integration and planning control, drive modernization of spatial governance via institutional innovation, and foster the process of coordinated development.
This paper divides coworking space into market-oriented and government-oriented coworking space according to the investment and operation entity. Taking central Guangzhou City as a case, this study collects multi-source data on coworking space and built environment characteristics from the micro-scale (500 m×500 m cells) in 2016, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The dataset are then adopted to vividly show the spatiotemporal evolution of market-oriented and government-oriented coworking space in 2016-2022. Negative binominal regression models are further developed to reveal how different built environment factors influence the distribution of market-oriented and government-oriented coworking space, respectively. Our results show that: 1) both market-oriented and government-oriented coworking space have rapidly increased and respectively formulated spatial structures of "Wushan Education Area-Zhujiang New Town -Keyun Road" cores and "Wushan Education Area-Xingang Education Area" cores. 2) Market-oriented coworking space shows much higher degree of agglomeration compared to government-oriented coworking space. 3) Compared to the built environment associated with roles of workplace providers and community hosts, those related to the role of incubation generators exert greater influence on the distribution of both market-oriented and government-oriented coworking space. 4) Capital investment facilities have the greatest influence on the distribution of market-oriented coworking space, while research facilities have the biggest impact on the distribution of government-oriented coworking space.
This paper takes the Lanxi urban agglomeration as the research area and shadow education institutions from 2000 to 2022 as the research object, and uses research methods such as kernel density estimation, Theil index, ordinal-scale rule and geographic detector to quantitatively understand the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of shadow education in the Lanxi urban agglomeration. The results show that:1) From 2000 to 2022, the number of shadow education institutions in the Lanxi urban agglomeration has been growing continuously, which has roughly experienced the embryonic stage, slow growth stage, rapid growth stage and governance transition stage, and the growth process presents an "S-shaped" shape, with significant heterogeneity between urban and rural areas, cities and regions; 2) The growth of shadow educational institutions in Lanxi urban agglomeration has a sequential and hierarchical development process from high-level center agglomeration to low-level center agglomeration, and its spatial agglomeration scale presents a "core-periphery" feature of decreasing from the corearea of the urban agglomeration to the peripheral area; 3) The urban heterogeneity of shadow education growth in Lanxi urban agglomeration is consistent with the ordinal size rule. The main urban areas of Lanzhou and Xining, the dual core of the urban agglomeration, are the first cities with shadow education agglomeration, while small cities and remote counties are the low-order cities with weak shadow education agglomeration ability. The primordiality of the multi-tier urban system shows the difference of factor agglomeration of shadow education>economy>population. 4) The regional heterogeneity of shadow education growth in Lanxi Urban Agglomerate showed a "dual-core" structure, and the growth difference between and within the circle experienced an N-shaped change process from low increase to high increase, and then the difference decreased. The growth difference index showed an element heterogeneity characteristic of shadow education>economy>population;5) The spatial evolution of shadow education in Lanxi urban agglomeration is the result of the joint action of multiple factors, such as economic factors supporting the development of shadow education, social factors related to education demand, educational factors affecting consumption tendency and natural factors based on development, and each factor has different degrees of influence in different development stages, cities of different levels and circle structures.
As the three major urban agglomerations are the core regions of innovation-driven and high-quality development, it is of great significance to explore the spatial pattern of specialized, special and new enterprises and their causes to promote the optimization of regional industrial structure and "complementary and strong chains". Based on the list of six batches of specialized, special and new enterprises identified by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology from 2019 to 2024, we use kernel density analysis, standard deviation ellipse, spatial exploratory analysis and other methods to explore the spatial pattern of specialized, special and new enterprises in China's three major urban agglomerations, and construct a framework of influencing factors from the viewpoint of novel productivity, and analyze the influencing factors by using the optimal parameter geodetic detector and the BRT model. The results of the study show that: 1) the specialized, special and new enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations show the agglomeration patterns of "single core", "multi-core" and "double core" respectively, and the centers of distribution are in the order of "single core", "multi-core" and "double core" with the advancement of the batch. With the advancement of the batch, the distribution centers show the trend of "W-type", "and-type" and "diamond-type" changes. Manufacturing industry and science and technology service industry are the main pillars of specialized, special and new enterprises in the three major urban agglomerations, among which, manufacturing industry shows the characteristics of "core-edge" spatially, while science and technology service industry shows the characteristics of concentration. 2) The specialized, special and new enterprises in the three city clusters as a whole show weak spatial positive autocorrelation and spatial dependence, and the spatial club convergence of their distribution level is not significant; 3) The spatial pattern of the specialized, special and new enterprises in the three city clusters is the result of the interaction between the new quality laborers, the new quality labor objects and the new quality labor materials. Factors such as scientific research input, energy consumption, industrial pollution level and economic output are the core drivers of their spatial distribution, and there is a significant non-linear enhancement between the influencing factors, but their interaction varies greatly.
The article is based on data from 2285 national key leading enterprises in China's agricultural industrialization. It uses kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation analysis, optimal parameter geographic detector, and multi-scale geographic weighted regression (MGWR) models to explore the spatial pattern, influencing factors, and spatial heterogeneity of the distribution of national key leading enterprises in China's agricultural industrialization. The results show that: 1) National key leading enterprises in China's agricultural industrialization generally exhibit an "east-heavy, west-light" spatial distribution pattern, with a density that displays a "tripolar, multi-core" characteristic. 2) Natural geographical environment, economic development environment, technological innovation capabilities, transportation location conditions, and policy support all jointly influence the distribution of key national agricultural industrialization enterprises, and there are significant differences in the explanatory power of different influencing factors. 3) The dominant factors influencing the distribution of key national leading enterprises in China's agricultural industrialization exhibit different scale effects. The level of openness to the outside world is a global variable, while labor costs, the number of patent applications, industrial structure, labor force size, and government-business relations are local variables. 4) The distribution of national key leading enterprises in China's agricultural industrialization exhibits spatial heterogeneity in influencing factors. Among these, the Northeast region shows high values for the impacts of industrial structure, labor costs, and labor scale. The influence of openness to the outside world presents an east-west spatial differentiation pattern. The Pearl River Delta urban cluster demonstrates high values for the impact of patent application volume, while western regions exhibit high values for the influence of government-business relations.
Stimulating the vitality of rural innovation and entrepreneurship and improving the income level of rural residents in old revolutionary base areas are conducive to consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation, promoting rural revitalization and common prosperity. Based on the data of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in 12 old revolutionary base areas of China from 2014 to 2022, the spatial correlation analysis and nuclear density analysis were used to explore the temporal and spatial characteristics of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in old revolutionary base areas, and the fixed-effect model was used to empirically test the income-increasing effect of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in old revolutionary base areas. The results are as follows: 1) The level of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in old revolutionary base areas has improved rapidly, but there are great differences among different old revolutionary base areas. 2) The overall pattern of "high in the east and low in the west" in the rural innovation and entrepreneurship level in the old revolutionary base areas is relatively stable, the distribution of high level counties is becoming increasingly obvious, the phenomenon of "high" and "low" clustering is prominent, the spatial structure of "multi-core cluster" is first strengthened and then weakened, and the gap between the old revolutionary base areas in the west is enlarged. 3) Rural innovation and entrepreneurship in revolutionary old areas can significantly increase the income level of local rural residents. The penetration of digital inclusive finance and the upgrading of industrial structure have a significant positive moderating effect on the income increase effect. In revolutionary old counties far from provincial capital cities, with large populations and high technological levels, as well as after the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the income-increasing effect of rural entrepreneurship is greater, and the income-increasing effect of farmers in counties dominated by "opportunistic entrepreneurship" is more significant.
Based on panel data from 11 coastal provinces in China between 2013 and 2022, this study measures and visually analyzes the flow of new quality productive forces and the level of high-quality economic development. It further empirically examines the impact of inter-provincial flow of marine new quality productive factors on high-quality economic development in China's coastal regions. The findings reveal that: 1) From 2013 to 2022, the inter-provincial flow index of marine new quality productive forces in China's coastal areas evolved spatially from a clustered "block-style" distribution to a scattered "multi-point" pattern, while the level of high-quality marine economic development steadily improved, with significant spatial polarization. 2) The inter-provincial flow of marine new quality productive factors has a significant positive impact on the high-quality development of China's marine economy. 3) Such flows can promote high-quality marine economic development by enhancing the vitality of marine-related enterprises and upgrading the marine industrial structure. 4) In terms of factor mobility, the spatial flow of marine new quality productive factors has a more pronounced effect on the high-quality development of China's marine economy, with notable regional heterogeneity. The conclusions provide decision-making insights for promoting high-quality development of the national marine economy.
It is an inevitable requirement for China to achieve high-quality development by exploring how to achieve the organic integration of the digital economy and the ‘dual carbon’ strategy and further promote the upgrading of the industrial structure. Based on a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the moderating mechanism through which carbon emissions influence the digital economy's driving effect on industrial upgrading, taking the Yangtze River Delta region as the research object, this paper discusses the driving role of the digital economy on the upgrading of the industrial structure and its regulatory role in carbon emissions, and proposes countermeasures and suggestions. The results demonstrate that: 1)Both the digital economy and industrial upgrading have experienced steady growth, showing a spatial pattern of high in the southeast and low in the northwest, but there are significant regional differences, with the former expanding and the latter shrinking; The carbon emission intensity fluctuates greatly, and the spatial differences are intensified, forming a distribution pattern of high in the northwest and low in the southeast; 2)The digital economy significantly drives industrial upgrading, but its effect has a threshold effect, and as the digital economy develops, the driving effect weakens; 3)Carbon emissions have a dual threshold for regulating the digital economy-driven industrial upgrading, which are 1.141 tons/10,000 yuan and 1.839 tons/10,000 yuan, respectively. As carbon emission intensity decreases, the driving effect of the digital economy on industrial upgrading also gradually decreases. The heterogeneity of carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta region on the upgrading of industrial structure driven by the digital economy can be divided into six types, and relevant optimization measures are proposed for each type.
This study focuses on a distributed renewable electricity production-storage-consumption integrated system, conceptualized as the Zero-Carbon Energy Prosumerage System (ZEPS), comprehensively evaluates its economic and carbon reduction benefits through theoretical modeling and cost-benefit analysis. Key findings include: 1)when the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of ZEPS is lower than the electricity purchase price, the utility level of the energy users improves; 2)for a typical Chinese household, a 10 kW photovoltaic system paired with a 10 kW·h storage system yields an average net present value (NPV) of approximately 37802 CNY over 25 years, with an internal rate of return (IRR) of 6.08%, an LCOE of 0.28 CNY/kW·h, and an average annual CO₂ emissions reduction of 6.13 tons; 3)regional analysis reveals that, influenced by solar irradiation, electricity price levels, and regional electricity carbon emission factors, ZEPS exhibits higher economic and carbon reduction benefits in North and Northeast China (e.g. Shandong and Heilongjiang), while benefits are relatively lower in Southwest regions (e.g. Guizhou and Chongqing). Accordingly, it is recommended to leverage the dual economic and environmental value of ZEPS, promote pilot implementations in advantaged regions, and gradually expand deployment, thereby accelerating the release of diverse actors' transformation potential and enabling the zero-carbon transition through integrated system solution.
Enhancing the livelihood resilience of fishermen affected by the ban on fishing in the Yangtze River is crucial for preventing and avoiding tendencies toward poverty and re-poverty during livelihood transitions. To elucidate the complex relationship between livelihood resilience and the poverty alleviation effects of fishermen's livelihood behaviors, this study focuses on fishermen from Hubei, Hunan, and Jiangsu provinces who have been impacted by fishing bans. Grounded in a resilience-sustainable livelihoods analytical framework, we construct a multidimensional relative poverty measurement system for post-transition fishermen's livelihoods. We empirically examine how livelihood resilience influences relative poverty among fishermen engaged in different types of livelihood activities. Using a Logistic regression model, we assess the significance and extent to which various indicators under different dimensions of livelihood resilience affect the poverty alleviation effects associated with "stepping-up" and "stepping-out" livelihoods. Furthermore, we employ an explanatory structural model along with cross-multiplication methods to explore the hierarchical structure and logical mechanisms underlying significant influencing factors. The results indicate that: 1) The livelihood resilience of retired fishermen can effectively alleviate relative poverty under both stepping-up and stepping-out activities. Thus demonstrating a significant impact on their poverty alleviation efforts. This conclusion remains valid even after addressing endogeneity issues and conducting robustness checks. 2) The influence of differing endowment characteristics on fishermen's poverty alleviation effects exhibits heterogeneity. Notably, self-organization ability and learning ability—both significant indicators—have greater marginal effects on reducing poverty through stepping-up behaviors compared to stepping-out ones. In terms of buffering ability, stepping-up livelihoods require substantial support from natural capital and human capital, while stepping-out livelihoods are more reliant on financial capital and social capital. 3) The livelihood behaviors of fishermen have a significant impact on poverty alleviation, with a total of 12 specific influencing factors that can be categorized into three levels. In the "stepping-up" livelihood behavior, the health status of fishermen and their access to natural resources serve as deep driving force factors. In the "stepping-out" livelihood behavior, the education level of fishermen and the accumulation of financial capital are identified as deep dependency factors.
Non-agricultural employment is an important coping strategy for farmers to smooth household consumption and sustain livelihoods after natural disaster shocks. Based on micro-level survey data from Henan Province in 2022, this study explores the intrinsic relationship between natural disaster shocks and rural non-agricultural employment, and examines the mechanisms through which different government relief measures affect non-agricultural employment. The results show that natural disaster shocks positively influence non-agricultural employment among farmers. The conclusions remain robust after conducting a sensitivity check using the substitution variable method. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the positive effect of natural disaster shocks on non-agricultural employment is stronger in villages with weak collective economies and in plain areas. Mechanism analysis indicates that natural disaster shocks influence non-agricultural employment positively by reducing agricultural income and intensifying formal credit constraints. Further analysis reveals that the impact of different government relief measures on non-agricultural employment varies. Specifically, disaster relief during the disaster period has a negative effect on non-agricultural employment, but this negative effect diminishes as the intensity of the natural disaster shock increases. In contrast, the distance of inter-regional labor migration during post-disaster reconstruction negatively affects non-agricultural employment, as the positive impact of reconstruction on non-agricultural employment weakens as the distance of labor migration increases. Based on these findings, corresponding policy recommendations are proposed.
The migration of rural surplus labor for employment is a core issue in the "three rural issues". The innovation of rural homestead transfer is a focal point of rural land system reform, crucial for integrating urban and rural production factors and achieving rural revitalization.By constructing the theoretical framework of "government promoting homestead transfer-policy tools-functional transformation, restructuring-multi-channel migration of labor", this paper analyses the multi-channel migration of rural labor after the implementation of government-promoted homestead transfer policy by structured interviews and longitudinal in-depth analysis of the case of Xianfeng Village in Chengdu City. Research found: The government uses policy tools such as monetary and housing resettlement compensation, land made available for industries, changes of the production and economic functions of homesteads, through the accumulation effect of asset property function, the dormancy effect of property function, the linkage effect of land and industry, and the weakening effect of production economic function, promote multiple channels migration of rural labors: local off-farm employment, out-migration for urban employment, and return migration for local entrepreneurship or employment. Conclusion: Effectively combining various government policy instruments in the process of homestead transfer, implementing effective housing and monetary compensation, promoting homestead intensification to provide land factors for local industries, and striving to supplement rural infrastructure and public services, so as to provide foundations for industrial establishment and rural employments. Meanwhile, reducing the negative impact of the weakening of the production and economic functions on the livelihoods of households and their incomes. Promoting the multi-channel migrations and employment of rural labors by the effective implementation of the above policies.
This study analyzes the promoting mechanism of green land use to the new quality productive forces, and based on the data of administrative units at the prefecture level and above in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 2012 to 2022, applies SBM-DEA model, entropy weight method, coupled coordination model, two-way fixed effect model and Tobit model to measure the spatiotemporal pattern of green land use and new quality productive forces level in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and their spatiotemporal interaction. The research shows that: 1) During the study period, the level of green land use and new quality productive forces in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area showed an overall upward trend, and the spatial and temporal levels showed the characteristics of non-balanced staggered distribution and the pattern of low-level equilibrium to high-level imbalance; 2) The coupling coordination level of green land use and new quality productive forces showed a periodic fluctuation and upward trend, economic growth, foreign direct investment, science and technology, and resource carrying levels have obvious positive driving effects on the coupling coordination level, income, education, and ecological environment levels show a time-lagged positive driving effect; 3) Green land use significantly promoted the development of new quality productive forces, tertiary industry output per unit area and population density are positive factors affecting new quality productive forces. According to the specific situation of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, a development strategy combining the core strategy of promoting the construction of new quality productive forces with green land use and advantage-driven, and adapting to local conditions and collaborative cooperation is proposed.
Based on the inter-provincial panel data of 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China from 2013 to 2022, this article empirically examines the impact of digital finance on the new quality productive forces of agriculture by using the double fixed effects model, threshold effect model and spatial Durbin model. The research results show that: 1) During the research period, the development level of agricultural new quality productive forces in China has rapidly improved, but the overall development is uneven, showing a distribution trend of "high in the east and low in the west", and the differences in the development level of new quality agricultural productive forces in various regions of China have become solidified. Digital finance can promote the improvement of new quality productive forces in agriculture, but its promoting effect shows regional heterogeneity. In terms of the effect, the regional ranking of the promotion effect of digital finance on the new quality productive forces of agriculture is as follows: central region > northeastern region > eastern region > Western region. The threshold effect indicates that the promoting effect of digital finance on the new quality productive forces of agriculture will show an accelerating downward trend as the level of urbanization increases. 2) The impact of digital finance on the new quality productive forces of agriculture has a spatial spillover effect, that is, digital finance significantly promotes the improvement of the new quality productive forces level of agriculture in this region and neighboring regions.
In recent years, with the advances in new economic geography theory, the role of geographical distance between different economies has received increasing attention. This paper takes the reform of the relocation of prefecture-level city government offices in China between 2008 and 2023 as a policy shock, and constructs a difference-in-differences model from the perspective of geographical distance between upper and lower-level governments to evaluate the carbon reduction effects of government proximity. The empirical results show that: 1) Proximity to prefecture-level city governments significantly reduces carbon emissions at the county level, and this effect gradually strengthens and stabilizes over time. 2) Mechanism analysis indicates that the enhanced environmental regulation by prefecture-level city governments and improved industrial adjustment capacity at the county level, brought about by geographical proximity, are important reasons for the carbon reduction effect in neighboring counties. 3) Further analysis reveals that government proximity not only facilitates carbon reduction but also concurrently mitigates regional environmental pollutant emissions, achieving synergistic effects in pollution and carbon reduction. 4）Moreover, government relocation events demonstrate a positive impact on regional carbon mitigation, contributing to an overall decline in county-level carbon emissions.
Exploring the integrated development of culture, technology and tourism is a significant contemporary topic in cultural and tourism studies within the context of Chinese path to modernization. This paper defines the concept of the integration of culture, technology and tourism, proposing that their integration exhibits triple ternary relationships. It dynamically evolves through a cyclical feedback mechanism of "intelligent digital technology embedding—industrial ecosystem reconstruction—multi-dimensional integration and symbiosis". The integrated development promotes economic growth, constructs spiritual homelands, serves better life, showcases China's image, and enhances cross-civilization mutual learning. Building on this foundation, the study constructs a discourse system for the integrated development of culture, technology and tourism, characterized by the key concept of a "digital-intelligent cultural tourism symbiosis", new categories such as "new quality productive forces for cultural tourism" and "digital cultural tourism" and the expression framework of "audiovisual symbolization, flexible narrative strategies, audience-centered perspectives, and segmented storytelling". Finally, this paper proposes a "policy-industry-resource-ecosystem" realization pathway to facilitate high-quality development of culture, technology and tourism integration.
In the pursuit of common prosperity, rural tourism has been entrusted with multiple missions, including activating resources, promoting industrial development, and enabling benefit-sharing. As a fundamental institutional arrangement, the structure of property rights plays a decisive role in resource allocation, equitable distribution, and governance capacity. This paper adopts a tripartite analytical framework of "State-Market-Community" to examine the structural dilemmas in the institutional practices of property rights over rural tourism attractions and how they constrain the pathways toward common prosperity. The study finds that: national policies, under multi-objective directives, suffer from a mismatch of governance tools, and the accumulation of project-based interventions exacerbates spatial inequality and ownership ambiguity; market mechanisms reconstruct governance structures and income distribution through property capitalization and contract-locking effects, further weakening community agency; and the originally embedded property regimes—anchored in local identity and organizational networks—are becoming destabilized due to factor outflows, organizational hollowing, and fractured benefit-sharing mechanisms. The paper advocates for an adaptive property rights regime based on "institutional embeddedness-collaborative governance-collective empowerment," aiming to enhance institutional legitimacy and co-benefit mechanisms, and to provide structural and practical pathways for achieving common prosperity through rural tourism.
Based on 2007-2022 China 30 provincial panel data, the coupling coordination degree model is utilized to examine the relationship between green finance and tourism high-quality development, Kernel Density and Dagum Gini Coefficient were used to analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics and interval characteristics of the coupling coordination degree, and the internal influence factors and external influence factors affecting the coupling coordination degree were identified by the Obstacle Degree Model and Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression Model respectively. It's found that: 1) The center of Kernel Density curve moves to the right, the coupling coordination of green finance and tourism industry increases significantly;the peak of the curve shows a downward trend and the peak width widens slowly, the gap of national coupling coordination degree is gradually widening; the curve is always the left tail without the right tail, indicating that a certain proportion of relatively low coupling coordination provinces, and the proportion of high-value provinces is not increase; there are no side peaks and multiple peaks, that is, no polarization or multiple polarization. 2)The vast majority of provinces have experienced the process of mild dissonance-barely coordination-basic coordination-good coordination, the coupling coordination development of the eastern and central provinces is superior to that of the western and northeast regions. 3)The Gini coefficient has risen overall across all regions, accompanied by widening intra-regional disparities, and the hierarchical gradient of Gini coefficient in each region is obvious; the gap between regions is gradually narrowed, and the overlap between regions is serious. 4) The main internal factors affecting coupling and coordination are the proportion of fiscal expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection, the proportion of loan interest of six energy-intensive industries, the proportion of pollution control investment, total energy consumption of tourism, per capita tourism income, Number of star rated hotels, and the number of scenic spots, forest coverage rate. 5) The external influence factors affecting the coupling and coordination are mainly industrial structure, market index, economic strength and financial scale, among which the industrial structure has the greatest influence degree.
The sustainability of rural sports-themed Internet-famous tourism destinations has become a major issue in both sports and tourism. Taking the "Village Super League" in Guizhou as a case study, this paper explores the long-term popularity mechanism of the "Village Super League" based on the modified diamond model theoretical framework, and conducts an empirical analysis using the methods of structural equation modeling (SEM) and importance-performance analysis (IPA). The findings reveal that: 1) The overall sustainability level of "Village Super League" in Guizhou is relatively high. Scores of three indexes are prominently high, which are the active public participation, the potential for continued popularity, and the organizing committee's capacity for sustained operations. 2) The government, production factors, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, and strategy are all core factors in the modified diamond model. These factors interact positively with each other and are significantly related to the sustainability of the "Village Super League", jointly forming a dynamic mechanism for the long-term popularity of the "Village Super League" in Guizhou. 3) The sustainable development advantages of the "Village Super League" in Guizhou are concentrated in 14 factors such as live atmosphere, local villagers' participation, and government support. Six factors requiring urgent improvement include sufficient volunteers, local transportation convenience, tourists' access to public tourism information, local accommodation experience, the completeness and adequacy of local public facilities, and unified management by the organizing committee. Six factors that need to be gradually promoted for the sustainability of the "Village Super League" include "the network traffic and popularity brought by celebrity participation, local cultural tourism products, local tourism specialty goods, and competition venue conditions". The participation of "various food teams" among people from all walks of life in the maintenance area has potential value. Finally, it provides corresponding policy recommendations.
