从知识基础角度出发,以中国的生物医药产业和节能环保产业为案例,比较基于科学知识的解析型产业和基于工程技术知识的合成型产业创新网络结构差异。基于产业合作专利数据和中国国际工业博览会企业创新调查数据,采用Ucinet、ArcGIS软件,对2004—2006年、2007—2009年、2011—2013年三个阶段,两个产业创新网络群体内外关系、主体合作倾向性、网络空间尺度进行比较。得出结论：解析型产业创新网络呈现强联系稀疏型结构,合作伙伴较少,合作比较集中,合作关系稳定,群体内部形成三元闭包关系,群体之间关系相对封闭;认知邻近和信任是合作的基础,主体倾向与大学和科研院所合作;知识传播可以跨越更远的地理距离,国际合作比例更高。合成型产业创新网络呈现核心—边缘结构,合作伙伴多,合作关系的变动较大,网络稳定性更弱;创新模式是干中学,主体倾向与产业链上下游单位合作;知识传播对地理距离更敏感,邻近城市合作比例高。
There is a great controversy among scholars about the research on the industrial innovation network structure, network structure and innovation performance. One of the reasons is that they neglect the effect of knowledge base. From the perspective of knowledge base, this paper takes biomedical industry and environmental protection industry in China as research objects and compares the essential differences between the analytical industry based on scientific knowledge and the synthetic industry based on engineering knowledge. Based on cooperative patent data and the survey of China International Industry Fair, and using the Ucinet and Arcgis software to compare the internal and the external relations, cooperation inclination and network space scale of its innovation network groups in three stages: 2004-2006, 2007-2009 and 2011-2013. It concludes that innovation network of analytic industry presents a sparse structure with strong connection, few partners, concentrated cooperation, stable cooperation relationship, and forms a ternary closure relationship within the group. and the groups are relatively closed. Recognition proximity and trust are the basis of cooperation, they tend to cooperate with universities and research institutes. Knowledge transmission can span farther and the proportion of the international cooperation is higher. The innovation network of synthetic industry presents a core-periphery structure with many cooperative partners, and its cooperation has a great change and its network stability is weaker; Innovation mode need "learning by doing" and tends to cooperate with the upstream and downstream units of the industry. Knowledge transmission is more sensitive to geographical distance, the nearer one city is to the other, the higher rate of cooperation.
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