民族村寨是近年来旅游业发展的热点和乡村振兴的主要阵地。文章解析肇兴侗寨2000、2009和2020年三生空间演变及机制。研究发现：①肇兴侗寨已由传统农耕型聚落转变为旅游+农耕多功能民族村寨,呈现出新型复合空间态势：生产—生活空间和生产—生态空间,生活空间持续扩大,生产空间持续缩小,生态空间占绝对主体地位,但呈波动变化。②肇兴侗寨国土空间结构相互转换剧烈,生活空间、生产—生活空间和生产—生态空间的单一动态度指数均为正值,生产空间为负值;除2000—2009年生活空间外,所有空间类型的单一动态度均远小于综合动态度。③肇兴侗寨以生态空间为基质的景观特征,生活空间景观变化最为明显,其中2009—2020年表现最为突出,表明受到人类活动干扰,景观破碎化加剧。④自然地理环境约束民族旅游村寨三生空间演变,旅游市场需求、政府监督治理、微观利益主体和侗族文化是民族旅游村寨三生空间演变的主要因素。
Ethnic villages are the focus of tourism development and one of the main directions of rural revitalization. This paper analyzes the spatial changes and mechanisms of the "Production-Living- Ecological" space (PLES) in Dong Village of Zhaoxing from 2000 to 2020. The research shows that: 1) In the development process of rural tourism empowered by national culture,the village has been transformed from a single-function ethnic village with original features into a complex multi-functional ethnic village with tourism and farming functions. It presents new types of composite space which are production-living space and production-ecological space. The living space continues to expand,while the production space continues to shrink,the ecological space occupies the absolute main position,and shows the fluctuation trend. 2) The spatial structure of Dong Village is changing violently. The single dynamic index of living space,production-living space and production-ecological space is positive,while that of production space is negative. Except for the living space from 2000 to 2009,the single dynamic degree of all space types is much smaller than their comprehensive dynamic degree. 3) It mainly presents the landscape characteristics of the ecological space in Dong Village,the landscape change of living space is more obvious,especially from 2009 to 2020. It indicates that the land space is disturbed by human activities and the landscape fragmentation is intensified. 4) The natural geographical environment restricts the spatial evolution of ethnic tourism village,In addition,tourism market demand,government supervision and governance,interest subjects and Dong ethnic culture are the main factors of the spatial evolution of ethnic tourism village.
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