旅游发展对水资源的利用具有较强的空间关联性及高度弹性。基于经济绿色发展战略背景,论证中国旅游发展是否促进水资源绿色效率具有重要意义。文章基于2010—2020年中国30省域的面板数据,采用SBM-DEA模型测算各地水资源绿色效率,运用空间面板计量模型,探究旅游发展对水资源绿色效率的影响及区域差异。研究发现:①中国水资源绿色效率呈现先减后增的趋势,区域差异性较大,内部不均衡显著,水资源绿色效率总体表现为东部>西部>中部。②旅游发展对水资源绿色效率的影响呈“U”型曲线特征。在不同阶段,旅游发展对水资源绿色效率的影响存在明显差异。在旅游发展影响水资源绿色效率中,科技创新介入和产业结构优化发挥了较为重要的渠道效应。③从分区域回归结果看,旅游发展对水资源绿色效率影响的“U”型曲线特征,在东部、中部表现较为显著,在西部的显著性较弱。④在控制变量中,科技创新、产业结构优化、环境规制、人口规模都显著影响东部水资源绿色效率,但环境规制、人口规模对西部的影响不显著。
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