农民工返乡创业对乡村振兴战略和农村脱贫战略的实施都具有重要影响,对返乡农民工创业选择的影响因素及城际差异进行研究有助于为各地区创业政策的精准制定和创业活动的精准开展指导提供参考。文章基于5个省6个城市返乡农民工家庭的样本数据,运用最优尺度回归和多水平模型实证分析了返乡农民工创业选择的影响因素与城际差异。研究发现：①出生年代、受教育程度、家庭年总收入3个微观变量和居住地教育环境、居住地居住条件、地区消费水平、地区房价水平4个宏观变量对返乡农民工创业选择具有显著影响。②返乡农民工创业选择存在城际差异,受教育程度、居住地教育环境、地区消费水平和地区房价水平对城市间返乡农民工创业选择的变异聚集性具有影响。根据地区特征,有针对性地加强针对农民工的技能培训和返乡创业支持体系建设有助于促进农民工返乡创业。

Returning migrant workers start their own businesses,which has an important impact on the implementation of rural revitalization strategy and rural poverty alleviation strategy. This paper analyzes the influencing factors and intercity differences of returning migrant workers' entrepreneurship choice,which provides reference for the accurate formulation of entrepreneurship policies and the precise guidance of entrepreneurship activities in various regions. Based on the sample data of returning migrant workers in six cities of five provinces,this paper empirically analyzes the influencing factors and intercity differences of returning migrant workers' entrepreneurial choice by using optimal scaling regression and multilevel model. The results show that: 1) Birth age,education level,annual family income,educational environment,living conditions,consumption level and housing price level have significant influence on the entrepreneurial choice of returning migrant workers. 2) There are intercity differences in entrepreneurial choice of returning migrant workers. Education level,educational environment,consumption level and housing price have an impact on the variation aggregation of returning migrant workers' entrepreneurial choice between cities. According to the regional characteristics,strengthening the skill training for migrant workers and the construction of entrepreneurship support system are helpful to promote migrant workers' entrepreneurship.