The signing and entry into force of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) has catalyzed the reorganization of the global economic map. Spanning two oceans (the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean), RCEP serves as a critical gateway for China to engage with the world and a frontier for its external circulation. Clarifying the evolution and mechanisms of geopolitical relations among RCEP member countries not only provides academic support for promoting healthy development of geopolitical relations between China and RCEP member countries but also enriches the research on geopolitical dynamics. Based on the voting data from the United Nations General Assembly, this study conducted a geopolitical relationship network of RCEP member countries, revealing the evolution of regional geopolitical relations and structures through the logic of "subject-relationship-structure". Additionally, it analyzes the spatial mechanisms of these relations using fsQCA (fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis). The results show that: 1) Among the RCEP member countries, ASEAN has a high level of geopolitical affinity, while Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Republic of Korea are low. 2) The geopolitical relationship network of RCEP member countries initially showed the spatial structure of China-ASEAN affinity cluster and Japan-Australia-New Zealand affinity triangle. Over time, the group structure first expanded and then contracted, centering on ASEAN. While the Japan-Australia-New Zealand affinity triangle structure weakened and eventually dissolved, reflecting an increasingly polarized trend in geopolitical relations. 3) The community structure of regional relations among RCEP member countries is influenced by both American geopolitical factors and geographical proximity. China and Myanmar have consistently remained stable within the core community, while sub-communities have evolved from an Indo-China Peninsula cluster to a Malay Archipelago cluster. The US allies in the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia have always formed exclusive communities respectively. 4) Geographic proximity is a prerequisite for the formation of friendly geopolitical relations, and trade interdependence among neighboring countries has gradually become an indispensable condition. Geographical distance and institutional differences are important factors hindering the development of geopolitical relations.
This paper constructs an evaluation index system of marine new quality productive forces from the perspectives of "factor structure" and "benefit realisation", and measures the development level of marine new quality productive forces of 11 coastal provincial-level regions in China using the game-theoretic combination empowerment method. It measures the spatial correlation strength of marine new quality productive forces by the means of a modified gravity model, and analyzes its spatial correlation network structure with the help of social network analysis. Based on the grounded theory, this paper clarifies the driving mechanism of the spatial correlation network of marine new quality productive forces, and empirically analyzes its driving factors by the QAP regression method. It’s found that: 1) The overall development level of China's marine new quality productive forces shows an upward trend, but there remains significant room for improvement. 2) The spatial correlation and spillover effects of China's marine new quality there remains significant are significant, showing a complex spatial network structure. From the perspective of the overall spatial correlation network, both relevance and stability of the spatial correlation network have been continuously enhanced. From the perspective of the individual network characteristics, Shanghai in the eastern marine economic circle has been at the centre of the network for a long time, while most regions in the northern and southern marine economic circles occupy peripheral positions. However, with the development of the marine economy, the status of this peripheral regions has gradually improved. 3) From the perspective of network roles and functions, it can be divided into four types: net benefit, net spillover, intermediation and two-way spillover. There are significant spillovers within and between types, and there are obvious gradient transmission characteristics of spillovers between types. 4) The formation of spatial correlation networks of marine new quality productive forces in China is mainly influenced by differences in green technology progress, financial development levels, and geographical spatial proximity.
Adequate mobility of labor resources is an important part of smooth domestic circulation. This article explores the impact and transmission mechanism of the digital economy on labor mobility by using conditional Logit model with the data of China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2011-2018. It's found that: 1) The digital economy significantly promotes labor mobility, and the conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests and endogeneity treatments such as replacing the independent variables. 2) From the perspective of cities, the development of the digital economy mainly significantly promotes labor mobility in areas located in the west of the Hu Huanyong Line and large cities. From the perspective of individual, the digital economy promotes labor mobility more strongly for males and labor force with low-skill level. 3) The digital economy promotes labor mobility mainly through the channels of reducing individual search costs, regional transaction costs, increasing employment opportunities and reducing inter-regional barriers. The research conclusions provide new arguments for the optimal allocation of labor resources in the process of digital economy development, which is an important inspiration for the optimal allocation of resources in the construction of a unified national market.
Based on the flow data of air passenger and cargo, and using the methods of spatial visualization and complex network analysis, this paper analyzes the network pattern and spatiotemporal characteristics of aviation flows of China's urban agglomeration system in 19 urban agglomerations. The study shows that: 1) The aviation traffic between 19 urban agglomerations accounts for more than 90% of the overall aviation traffic in the country. 2) The aviation network of China's urban agglomeration system exhibits a multi-center, tiered structure with uneven spatial distribution. Major hubs—Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Chengdu-Chongqing—form a four-core, spoke-and-axis framework, all located in the southeast of the Hu Huanyong Line. This aligns with the "5+5+9" spatial configuration outlined in China's 14th Five-Year Plan. 3)In 1995-2019, the aviation flow of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration experienced the most rapid growth, the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration surpassed the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration as the leading hub, widening its dominance. The ranking of urban agglomerations such as Mid-southern Liaoning, Harbin-Changchun, and Central Yunnan declined. The status of nodes such as Hangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Shenzhen and Chongqing has rapidly been rapidly improved, and they tend to form a healthy development in the hierarchical structure of urban agglomerations. Guangdong-Fujian-Zhejiang coastal urban agglomeration, Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration and Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration have multiple internal nodes, with weak hierarchical structure, while other urban agglomerations show nascent but immature internal structure. 4) The changes in airline attractiveness of the five major urban agglomerations to the rest 14 urban agglomerations indicate that the influence of distance on inter-urban agglomeration linkages is weakening, while the improvement of urban agglomerations competitiveness level will deepen the linkages with the other urban agglomerations all over the country.
Based on the data of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban agglomeration from 2006 to 2022, this paper measures the green development efficiency of the YRD urban agglomeration, analyzes its spatiotemporal dynamic pattern using the SBM model of super-efficient network considering non-expected outputs and the Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) index. It explores the intrinsic mechanism affecting the green development efficiency based on the geographic detector. It's found that: 1) The static efficiency of green development generally shows a fluctuating upward trend in the YRD urban agglomeration from 2006 to 2022, but there are significant differences and imbalances among cities. It has higher efficiency of green development in Wenzhou, Chizhou and Shaoxing, while it has lower efficiency of green development in Yancheng and Wuhu. 2) Dynamic efficiency of green development shows different change characteristics at different stages. The Dagum index analysis shows that the overall Gini coefficient decreases, but the efficiency gap among three provinces and Shanghai fluctuates greatly. 3) Fiscal decentralisation, urbanization level, and the degree of openness to the outside world have an important impact on the efficiency of green development, and the interaction between urbanization level and market size, fiscal decentralisation and financial development plays a key role in improving efficiency in a given year.
Based on the data of express delivery outlets in Hunan Province from 2012 to 2021, this paper uses the social network analysis to measure the development level of express delivery networks in counties, and explores the matching and evolution trend between express delivery networks and agricultural development level in counties of Hunan Province. Meanwhile, it uses the chain model and the spatial lag model to build the express delivery network, analyzes the evolution law and development driving mechanism of the spatial pattern of the county-level express delivery network from the overall and local levels in Hunan Province, and puts forward the development path of the county express delivery network in Hunan Province. The results show that: 1) During the research period,the county-level express delivery products in Hunan Province were local specialties at the beginning,its transport capacity was insufficient,but the matching degree between express delivery networks and agricultural development level gradually becomes stronger,their gap between urban and rural areas still existed. 2) From the overall and local levels, the connection intensity and density of county-level express delivery network in Hunan Province have been steadily increasing year by year,and its connection intensity presents the development trend of city/district-city/district > city/district-county > county-county. 3) From the multi-dimensional perspective,agricultural development level,government policies,consumer spending power and information technology level are the main factors to promote the development of express delivery network in Hunan Province,but the overall indirect effect is not obvious. The siphon effect of county-level express delivery network is obvious. Based on the above, it puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the revitalization,new cooperative development and sustainable development of county-level express delivery network.
Enhancing the resilience capacity of the rural system and promoting the sustainable development of rural urbanization is the inevitable path for China's urbanization development. Taking 29 districts and counties of Chongqing (except nine districts of the main city) as research areas and based on the rural social and economic development data in 2006，2011，2016 and 2021，this paper explores the resilience and sustainability of rural system urbanization by the means of the fuzzy matter-element model. The main conclusions are as follows：1) The urbanization development process in the study area conforms to the change characteristics of the S-shaped curve of the urbanization development of Ray. M. Northam，it presented the characteristics of rapid-，medium- and slow- speed development in the early，middle and late stages respectively. The phenomenon of counter-urbanization has emerged in Jiangjin District and Hechuan District. 2) The change rate and direction of rural system vary significantly，some counties' rural system decline in different stages. 3) The distribution of rural urbanization resilience in each county shows a trend of time concentration in the quadrant chart，and there is an unsustainable urbanization development. 4) There are spatiotemporal differences in the distribution of cold and hot spots in counties. The hot-spot areas are concentrated in the northeast and southeast of Chongqing in the early stage，and the cold-spot areas are located in the metropolitan areas. Hot-spot areas begin to shift to the metropolitan areas in the late stage，the area of hot spots keeps decreasing and the area of cold spots keeps increasing，and the most significant cold- and hot-spot areas appear in the metropolitan areas.
Based on the industrial and commercial registration data of Chinese cultural enterprises from 2006 to 2021, this paper empirically analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, influencing factors and heterogeneity of cultural enterprises in China by the methods of LISA time-space transition and geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. The results show that: 1) The spatial distribution of cultural enterprises exhibits significant imbalances and the degree of geographical agglomeration of enterprise layout increases significantly. 2) The spatial distribution of cultural enterprises shows high stability and path dependence, and the internal factors play a leading role in the formation of the spatial structure of cultural enterprises, while the neighborhood spillover effect is relatively small. 3) Factors such as economic level, the proportion of service industry, higher education resources and cultural tourism resources have a significant impact on the spatial choice of cultural enterprises. Cultural enterprises has a shift in spatial preferences from traditional cultural tourism resources towards areas with robust economic, innovative capacities, and higher education resources, aligning with national regional development strategies. The research provides novel insights into the evolving spatial dynamics of cultural enterprises and offers strategic policy implications for balanced and coordinated cultural industry development.
Based on the trade remedy data from G20 members, this study employs the social network analysis (SNA) to examine the structural characteristics of the G20 trade friction network and China's evolving role within it. It's found that: 1) The G20 trade friction network exhibits a low clustering coefficient, indicating loose interconnections in trade friction relations among members, with observable clustering tendencies. 2) The United States, China, India, and Brazil demonstrate significantly higher centrality and structural hole indices, frequent trade frictions with other G20 members, greater trade risks, and substantial influence on other members, but they all have good independence, small restrictions, and play the role of "intermediary" and "bridge". 3) China, the United State, and India exhibit far greater trade friction intensity than other members, occupying the core positions of the network. 4) Since joining the WTO, China has faced a deteriorating trade environment with a high ratio of export-related litigations. 5) China's "bridge" role in the network is diminishing, accompanied by declining nodal control capacity and increasing concentration of trade conflicts with specific nations, potentially exacerbating bilateral tensions. To address these challenges, China should proactively identify and mitigate trade friction risks, improve early-warning and response mechanisms, enhance litigation response systems, and actively engage in shaping new global trade governance frameworks.
Based on the UN Comtrade database, this article constructs the global palm oil trade network from 2000 to 2023 and examines its structural characteristics, evolutionary trends, and driving mechanisms using the complex network analysis and the TERGM model. The findings reveal that: 1) Global palm oil trade exhibits significant growth, transitioning through three phases: rapid expansion, fluctuating growth, and structural adjustment. China is primarily an importer, with steady demand, minimal exports, and a trade deficit. 2) Trade linkages have intensified over time, characterized by low network density, short average path length, a high average clustering coefficient and a clear “small-world” feature. 3) Malaysia and Indonesia are core producers and exporters, while European countries' positions fluctuate. The U.S. and the Netherlands serve as key hubs, and emerging markets (e.g., UAE) gain prominence. 4) The microstructure of global palm oil trade presents diverse patterns, including “multilateral reciprocal” “central export” and “intermediary export”, which reflects the diversity and complexity of global trade. 5) TERGM results indicate that the trade network is driven by multiple mechanisms. Regional selection drives dynamic evolution of network, relational embedding stabilizes network structure, and self-organization optimizes internal structure of network.
Science new-quality productivity (SNQP) is crucial for high-quality development and significantly impacts achieving coordinated pollution and carbon reduction (CPCR). This study measures SNQP and CPCR in provincial-level regions of China from 2004 to 2022 using a spatiotemporal dynamic entropy method and analyzes their spatiotemporal evolution in 2004-2013 and 2014-2022 with a Bayesian spatiotemporal evolution model. It identifies causal relationships between local SNQP and surrounding SNQP (WSNQP) on CPCR using three causal inference methods, and proposes a principal component-spatiotemporal random forest model (PCA-STRF). It examines the nonlinear driving effect, interaction and spatial differentiation of SNQP and WSNQP on CPCR by the means of the GeoDetector, and predicts the changing scenarios for the next five years. Results show that: 1) SNQP and CPCR both exhibit a growth trend and imbalance spatial distribution which is higher in the southeast of China and lower in the northwest of China. 2) Both SNQP and WSNQP have significant positive effects on CPCR, but their impact follows a nonlinear pattern which is the strongest at low value, the weakest at medium value, and slightly stronger at high value. 3) Additionally, SNQP and WSNQP also have a significant two-factor interactive enhancement effect on CPCR. Especially when both are at a relatively high level, the enhancement rate of CPCR increases significantly. 4)_Under the condition that other factors remain unchanged, after each of SNQP and WSNQP increases by 0.10, the marginal driving effect presents the spatial distribution which is higher in the east and west of China and lower in central China, but the spatial differentiation degree of WSNQP is stronger than that of SNQP. 5) In the next five years, the SNQP and WSNQP in the eastern coastal areas will increase significantly, and the CPCR will increase significantly. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions: formulating regional balanced development policies to narrow the regional gap of SNQP, promoting ecological civilization construction and high-quality development through strengthening regional coordination and giving full play to the positive promoting role of SNQP on CPCR.
Land use change is a critical driver of ecosystem service functions, while it needs deeply investigate the impact of ecosystem quality changes on service functions. Taking Deqing County in Zhejiang Province as the research area, this study reveals the evolution characteristics of ecosystem type and quality from 2010 to 2020, and explores their contributions to the variation in gross ecosystem product (GEP) by the means of remote sensing interpretation, ecosystem model, and ecosystem service value assessment. The results demonstrate that: 1) The ecosystem type in Deqing County mainly transformed from the farmland to the built-up land, accounting for 72.9% of the total transformed area. 2) Ecosystem quality improved significantly, the proportion of high-quality areas in forests, shrublands, and wetlands increased by 5.4%, 2.2%, and 12.4%, respectively. 3) During the study period, GEP increased by 36.301 billion yuan (with an increase rate of 44.9%). The area of ecological land decreased, but its quality improvement prompted the value of regulation services to increase by 2.8%, contributing an added value of 2.598 billion yuan. Theoretically, this study deepens the ecosystem service assessment framework, and quantifies the contribution of ecosystem quality changes. Practically, it provides scientific support for optimizing ecological management strategies and promoting quality-oriented ecological conservation and restoration.
Based on the land use data of 11 provincial-level regions of the Yangtze River mainstream from 2005 to 2020, this study adopts the water footprint method to introduce self eco-consumption value coefficient, combines with the ecosystem services value method, and considers the supply and consumption of ecological value to explore the spillover value of ecosystem services in different provinces. Based on the determination of horizontal ecological compensation (HEC for short) standards, a comparative ecological radiation force model is introduced to optimize HEC funds allocation scheme for 11 provinces in the Yangtze River mainstream from the perspective of ecosystem services flow. The results show that: 1) The ecosystem service value of the Yangtze River mainstream declines slowly at first and then increases steeply from 2005 to 2020, with an overall increase of 3.16%. 2) The value of ecological consumption in the Yangtze River mainstream shows an inverted-U shape, but increases slightly in general, and shows a trend of gradual growth from the west of the Yangtze River mainstream to the east of the Yangtze River mainstream. 3) The overall ecosystem services of the Yangtze River mainstream are in a spillover state during the study period. The compensation standards, in descending order, are Xizang, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Chongqing, Hubei, Anhui, Shanghai and Jiangsu. 4) Jiangsu is required to pay more than 60% of the total, and is the main source of HEC funds in the Yangtze River mainstream. Anhui and Shanghai were the least responsible for compensation in 2005 and 2015, 2010 and 2020, respectively. 5) Xizang receives more than 50% of the total compensation funds, and is the main recipient of HEC. Anhui receives the least compensation in 2010 and 2020. Hubei and Chongqing receive the least compensation in 2005 and 2015, accounting for less than 0.7%.
The rural revitalization is the result of a combination of internal and external driving forces. It is worth studying how external forces intervene and influence rural development. Taking Cuigang Village in Hefei City of Anhui Province as a typical case, this article sorts out the theory of rural spatial production, constructs a new logical framework of rural spatial transformation, and deeply analyzes the characteristics of rural spatial transformation under the intervention of art. It explores the path to achieve modernization of rural governance in urban fringe areas. After the artists entered the countryside, the human settlement environment of Cuigang Village improved and the income of villagers increased. At the same time, the material space in the countryside shifted from traditional living space to commodified space, the social space shifted from compact neighborhood relationship space to multi subject mixed and discrete complex network space, the cultural space shifted from traditional local culture to symbolic art space. The transformation and reconstruction of material space, social space, and cultural space in Cuigang Village have brought development opportunities, as well as serious differentiation of material space, dissolution of compact social structure, and cultural heterogenization. The transformation of rural social space requires new ideas for rural governance. In the context of spatial justice as the goal and value orientation, the rural revitalization should focus on the broad social space, promote balanced development of rural space, achieve coordinated governance of multiple subjects, and rebuild new villages with stronger local identities.
Taking the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration as a case study, this study constructs a framework for analyzing local and tele-coupling coordination relationships between urbanization and ecosystem health based on the "pattern-process" research approach. The findings reveal the following: 1) From 2000 to 2020, the level of urbanization showed continuous improvement in the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration, while ecosystem health initially deteriorated and later improved. Spatially, the two systems exhibited a dislocated pattern, with urbanization characterized by "high in the east of the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration and low in the west of the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration" and ecosystem health displaying the opposite trend of "high in the west of the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration and low in the east of the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration". 2) The local coupling coordination between urbanization and ecosystem health has gradually strengthened, with the main urban area of Kunming serving as the high-value core, radiating outward to the periphery, demonstrating a pronounced polarization effect. Simultaneously, the function of tele-coupling coordination has also improved, resulting in four telecoupling coordination axes with relatively balanced spatial distribution. 3) The degree of local and tele-coupling coordination between urbanization and ecosystem health has increased, transitioning from near imbalance to primary coordination. This trend features high-value clusters centered around regional central cities, with diffusion along the tele-coupling coordination axes. The influence of tele-coupling coordination has been growing, significantly supporting overall regional coupling and coordination. Differences in local and tele-coupling coordination effects are observed between core and peripheral areas, with peripheral areas relying more on tele-coupling coordination. Based on these findings, this study proposes spatially differentiated regulatory strategies that emphasize tele-coupling coordination, aiming to provide practical references for the coordinated development of urban agglomeration and ecosystem health.
Based on the panel data of 30 provincial-level regions in China, this paper identifies and analyzes the regional differences, distribution dynamics, and spatial convergence characteristics of the leisure agriculture development level (LADL) in China by the means of the entropy method, Dagum Gini coefficient method, kernel density estimation method, and optimal parameter geographic detector. The results show that: 1) The average LADL in China rose from 0.318 in 2013 to 0.411 in 2022, with an average annual growth rate of 2.89%, showing an upward trend year by year. The LADL showed a differentiation characteristic in four major economic regions, which was the highest in eastern region, followed by central region, western region and northeastern region respectively. The development level of leisure agriculture in eastern and central regions was higher than the national average. 2) The overall Gini coefficient of the LADL in China rose from 0.110 in 2013 to 0.113 in 2022, with an increase of 27.27%, showing a fluctuating upward trend. Inter-regional differences were the main source of the differences in the LADL in China, its contribution rate fluctuated between 59.35% and 69.81%, with an average contribution rate of 63.44%. Among the various influencing factors, the fiscal expenditure factor had the greatest impact on the development level of leisure agriculture. 3) In terms of distribution dynamics, the absolute difference of the LADL in northeastern region was basically unchanged, while the absolute differences of the LADL in eastern, central, and western regions showed an expanding trend. The LADL in eastern, central, and western regions shows a multi-polarization trend, whereas it had no polarization phenomenon in northeastern region. The grade status of the LADL in China was relatively stable, with a phenomenon of "club convergence", and the development level was affected by the spatial effect. 4) From the point of convergence characteristics, it had the phenomenon of σ convergence in northeastern region, but it had no phenomenon of σ convergence in the whole country, eastern, central and western regions. It had the phenomenon of absolute β convergence and conditional β convergence in China and western region, and absolute β convergence in eastern region.
The high-quality development of tourism resorts is of great significance to build the world-class tourist destinations and meet the people's needs for a better life in China. Based on the methods of secondary data collection, semi-structured interviews and textual analysis, this paper explores the driving forces and models of domestic tourism resort development. It's found that: 1) Market, capital and government are three key dimensions of the development patterns of tourism resorts. 2) Domestic tourism resorts have experienced three phases of development since 1990s: policy incentive and market cultivation, institutional construction and rapid expansion, and high-quality development and innovation. 3) The interaction of market, capital and government prompts the formation of the unique development path of Chinese tourism resorts, and further facilitates three development types: demand-led type, investment-led type and policy-led type. This paper deepens the understanding of the evolution of tourism resorts in China, which contributes to the high-quality development of domestic resorts. It puts forward the driving mechanism of tourism resort development in non-Western contexts.
Clarifying the dynamic interaction relationship and driving mechanisms between tourism development intensity and ecosystem function is crucial for fostering harmonious coexistence between human and nature in ecologically fragile tourism destinations. Taking Guizhou Province as the research area, and based on the theory of human-land relationships, this paper constructs a coupling research framework between tourism development intensity (TDI) and ecosystem function (EF), and uses the set pair analysis method to measure the scores of TDI and EF. It uses the methods of panel vector autoregressive model, coupling coordination model and geographical detector model to reveal the long-term dynamic interaction relationship, coupling coordination types and driving mechanism of spatiotemporal differentiation between TDI and EF. The findings indicate that: 1) There exists a stable long-term equilibrium relationship between TDI and EF in Guizhou Province. The impact degree of TDI on EF surpasses the bestowal effect of EF on TDI. 2) During the study period, the coupling coordination between TDI and EF is long-term and relatively stable in structure. The coupling coordination level in the study area showed a continuous improvement trend, internal disparities initially converged before diffusing again. Hotspot areas of coupling coordination levels are primarily located in the "Guiyang-Zunyi-Qiannan" region. Furthermore, spatial spillover effects exist among neighboring areas with observable jump transfer phenomena across varying levels of coupling coordination. 3) The overall trend of the coupling coordination types between TDI and EF is good in the study area, the coupling subtypes have transitioned from disordered or declining states towards barely coordinated or fully coordinated developmental stages. 4) Natural static factors exhibit limited explanatory power regarding degrees of coupling coordination. Social, economic and government dynamic factors demonstrate significantly greater explanatory power to the coupling coordination degree.
This article intends to systematically interpret the connotation characteristics of digitalization in the tourism industry, and use CiteSpace bibliometric analysis tool to conduct a horizontal comparative analysis of the author co-occurrence, research hotspots, topic clustering, and cutting-edge trends in tourism digitalization research both domestically and internationally. The results indicate that: 1) The digitalization of the tourism industry refers to the phenomenon and process of realizing the digital transformation of all elements, links, and chains of the tourism industry, with digital infrastructure as the prerequisite, digital economic environment as the key support, digital investment in tourism as the core content, and digital benefits of tourism as the ultimate manifestation based on the digital infrastructure. 2) Since 2000, the research results on digitalization of the tourism industry at home and abroad have steadily increased, and the gap between the number of domestic publications and that of foreign countries in the same period has gradually narrowed. However, the number of highly recognizable authors is relatively small, and the degree of communication and cooperation among research institutions is low. 3) From the results of keyword network co-occurrence, domestic research mainly involves high-frequency words such as tourism digitalization, smart tourism, tourism informatization, online tourism, tourism big data, etc. Foreign research focuses more on tourism activities, smart tourism, virtual reality technology, non-contact tourism, smart tourism destinations, COVID-19 epidemic and other hot spots. 4) Domestic research mainly focuses on three fields: the integration and innovation of digital tourism, the application of digital technology, and strategic policy guidance. Foreign research focuses on three directions: the construction of digital cultural tourism scenes, the intelligent utilization of tourism resources, and the application of digital technology in tourism. However, there is a lack of synchronization and consistency in the timing of keyword emergence and content. Based on the above, the article discusses and looks forward to strengthening academic cooperation at home and abroad, refining the research field of digital tourism enterprises, strengthening the research on digital transformation of the tourism industry, and forward-looking research on digital governance of the entire tourism industry.
Exploring the evolution characteristics and mechanisms of the tourism service trade network is of great significance for promoting regional economic development. Based on the WTO-OECD Balanced Trade in Services Database (BaTIS) in 2001-2021, this paper uses the methods of complex network analysis and TERGM to explore the dynamic evolution features and formation mechanism of the tourism service trade network of RCEP member countries. Results show that: 1) The conjugate space of tourism service trade of RCEP member countries gradually expanded, showing a typical "small world" network characteristic. The tourism service trade network of RCEP member countries shows the obvious phenomenon of central polarization, and its spatial distribution is unbalanced. 2) China, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand are increasingly playing pivotal roles in conjugated circulation. Developing countries in the lower circulation establish close links with developed countries in the upper circulation through conjugation effect, and evolve into three cohesive sub-groups which take China, Australia and Singapore as the cores. 3) The tourism service trade network has reciprocity effect, grade effect and time dependence effect. Per capita GDP, population density, government efficiency and border connection have significant impact on the formation of the tourism service trade network. According to the above, it puts forward some suggestions to promote the RCEP member states to jointly build a more open, inclusive and mutually beneficial tourism service trade network: giving full play to the core role of emerging economies in the conjugate circulation, strengthening the supply capacity of high-quality tourism service products in the "upper circulation" of tourism service trade, fostering mutually beneficial and coordinated development among developing countries in the "lower circulation", improving the market access mechanisms of various countries in the trade circulation and promoting the digital transformation of the tourism service trade circulation.
On the basis of deconstructing the coupling coordination mechanism between new quality productive forces and regional economic resilience, this study reveals the spatiotemporal characteristics of the coordinated development between new quality productive forces and economic resilience from 2012 to 2022, and identifies its key driving factors using the methods of "VHSD-EM" model, coupling coordination degree, Dagum Gini coefficient and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. It’s found that: 1) New quality productive forces exhibited a steady upward trend in 2012-2022, and economic resilience showed a fluctuating upward trend of "annual growth-relative slowdown-rapid rise-slight decline". 2) The coupling coordination between new quality productive forces and economic resilience had gone through a process from the verge of imbalance to the coordination. There was a significant positive spatial correlation in the coupling coordination degree, and the spatial pattern of cold and hot spots generally showed a trend of southeast-northwest direction. 3) Regional differences were the main source of spatial differences in coupling coordination, and showed a slight growth trend. 4) The key driving factors for the coordinated development between new quality productive forces and economic resilience were gradually expanding from early innovative transformation and new labor materials to new quality workers and new quality labor objects, and then to adaptive adjustment factors.
This paper catergorizes the industrial relatedness degree into incumbent relatedness degree and non-incumbent relatedness degree. On this basis, it divides new industries into four types: type of high non-incumbent relatedness-low incumbent relatedness (NI), type of high non-incumbent relatedness-high incumbent relatedness (HH), type of low non-incumbent relatedness-low incumbent relatedness (LL) and type of low non-incumbent relatedness-high incumbent relatedness (IN). Based on the database of Chinese industrial enterprises from 1998 to 2012, this paper empirically investigates the evolution path of new industries at the prefecture level in China from 1998 to 2012, and analyzes the impact of the stage of economic development on the evolution of new industry types. The results show that: 1) Most of the cities with a higher share of NI-type new industries and LL-type new industries are located in central and western regions, while the cities with a higher share of HH-type new industries and IN-type new industries are concentrated in eastern regions and western developed cities. 2) In the period of low economic complexity, the new industries in China are dominated by NI-type new industries and LL-type new industries dominate. In the period of middle economic complexity, the four types of new industries develop in a balanced way. In the period of high economic complexity, new industries are mainly HH-type new industries and IN-type new industries. 3) The stage of economic development has a significant negative relationship with NI-type new industries and LL-type new industries, and a significant positive relationship with HH-type new industries and IN-type new industries. This study breaks through the traditional category of technological relatedness and emphasizes the importance of non-incumbent relatedness in industrial evolution, which is conducive to providing policy recommendations for industrial development in regions with different economic complexity.
On the basis of analysis of the geographic and network agglomeration effects of urban innovation spaces, this paper constructs a typological spectrum of urban innovation spaces. Based on the patent application data of Nanjing, it identifies urban innovation spaces, constructs innovation networks, quantitatively determines the typologies of these spaces. It summarizes the general trend and mode in their typological evolution, and proposes a typological evolution path. It's found that: 1) The subject concentration and network correlation of innovation spaces in Nanjing have continued to increase, but the distribution of higher-level innovation spaces differs. 2) Innovation spaces in Nanjing generally evolve towards the 'high-density and high-network' type. During the process of type transition, it presents the characteristic of gradient expansion from the central area to the peripheral area. 3) The typological evolution of innovation spaces in Nanjing can be divided into four categories and eighteen subcategories. On this basis, it summarizes three evolutionary paths: geographic agglomeration-driven, network agglomeration-driven and synergy-driven. Innovation spaces on these paths exhibit distinct distribution characteristics.
