Temporal and Spatial Evolution of the Coupling Coordinated Development between Tourism Resources Development and Ecological Environment in China
Received date: 2018-07-25
Revised date: 2019-04-19
Online published: 2025-04-27
The ecological environment is the basis for the development of tourism resources. The reasonable development of tourism resources is not only the inherent requirement of the ecological environment, but also the fundamental driving force for strengthening environmental protection. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) from 2007 to 2016, this paper adopts a coupling coordination model to construct index system of tourism resource and ecological environment, calculates and analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution of the coupling coordinated development between tourism resources development and ecological environment in China. The results show that: 1) From 2007 to 2016, the overall coupling degree between tourism resource development and ecological environment in the country is mainly in the antagonistic stage, the coupling level is low and shows no obvious time series evolution. 2) The overall coupling coordination degree is mainly in the stage of moderate coupling and coordination, and is upgraded to a highly coupled and coordinated stage in the later stage. The coordination level still needs to be improved, and both of them show a good trend of steady increase. 3) From the perspective of spatial differentiation, China's provincial coupling degree and coupling coordination degree are concentrated, spatial evolution is not obvious, the coupling degree fell into "low value" in the northwest, and other areas are evenly developed, and the degree of coupling coordination shows a law of decreasing trend from the east to the west of the country.
CHENG Hui , XU Qiong , GUO Yaoqi . Temporal and Spatial Evolution of the Coupling Coordinated Development between Tourism Resources Development and Ecological Environment in China[J]. Economic geography, 2019 , 39(7) : 233 -240 . DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2019.07.026
表1 耦合度及耦合协调度度量标准及类型Tab.1 Types of coupling degree and coupling coordination degree |
C值区间 | 耦合度类型 | D值区间 | 耦合协调类型 |
---|---|---|---|
低水平耦合 | 低度耦合协调 | ||
拮抗阶段 | 中度耦合协调 | ||
磨合阶段 | 高度耦合协调 | ||
高水平耦合 | 极度耦合协调 |
表2 我国旅游资源开发与生态环境耦合协调发展综合评价指标体系Tab.2 Comprehensive evaluation index system for the coordinated development of tourism resources development and ecological environment in China |
子系统 | 准则层 | 指标层 | 作用力方向 |
---|---|---|---|
旅游资源开发系统 | 资源丰度 | 旅游景区数量占全国旅游景区数量的比重(%) | + |
自然保护区数量占全国自然保护区数量的比重(%) | + | ||
博物馆数量占全国博物馆数量的比重(%) | + | ||
艺术表演场馆数量占全国艺术表演场馆数量的比重(%) | + | ||
开发现状 | 3A级旅游景区数量占全国3A级旅游景区数量的比重(%) | + | |
4A级旅游景区数量占全国4A级旅游景区数量的比重(%) | + | ||
5A级旅游景区数量占全国5A级旅游景区数量的比重(%) | + | ||
3星级以上的饭店数量占全国3星级以上饭店数量的比重(%) | + | ||
旅行社数量占全国旅行社数量的比重(%) | + | ||
国家自然保护区数量占全国国家自然保护区的比重(%) | + | ||
旅游吸引力 | 旅游收入占全国旅游收入的比重(%) | + | |
游客数量占全国游客数量的比重(%) | + | ||
区位条件 | 游客周转量占全国游客周转量的比重(%) | + | |
等级公路里程占全国等级公路里程的比重(%) | + | ||
经济发展水平 | 人均GDP占全国人均GDP总量的比重(%) | + | |
GDP总量占全国GDP总量的比重(%) | + | ||
城镇化率(%) | + | ||
生态环境系统 | 压力 | 人均工业废气排放量(t) | - |
人均工业废水排放量(t) | - | ||
人均日耗水量(m3) | - | ||
人均电力消费量(万kW·h) | - | ||
状态 | 年末人均耕地拥有量(hm2) | + | |
城市煤气普及率(%) | + | ||
建成区绿地覆盖率(%) | + | ||
人均公园绿地面积(m2) | + | ||
响应 | 生活垃圾无害化处理率(%) | + | |
环境保护支出占GDP比重(%) | + | ||
自然保护区个数(个) | + | ||
工业固体废物综合利用率(%) | + |
表3 2007—2016年我国旅游资源开发与生态环境耦合度和协调度Tab.3 Coupling degree and coordination degree between tourism resource development and ecological environment in China from 2007 to 2016 |
年份 | 旅游资源开发综合指数 | 生态环境综合指数 | 综合协调指数 | 耦合度 | 耦合协调度 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 | 0.0317 | 0.5880 | 0.3098 | 0.2203 | 0.2613 |
2008 | 0.0429 | 0.6631 | 0.3530 | 0.2388 | 0.2903 |
2009 | 0.0820 | 0.7423 | 0.4121 | 0.2993 | 0.3512 |
2010 | 0.1293 | 0.5395 | 0.3344 | 0.3949 | 0.3634 |
2011 | 0.3810 | 0.4865 | 0.4338 | 0.4963 | 0.4640 |
2012 | 0.4272 | 0.4600 | 0.4436 | 0.4997 | 0.4708 |
2013 | 0.4678 | 0.4477 | 0.4578 | 0.4999 | 0.4784 |
2014 | 0.6680 | 0.4235 | 0.5457 | 0.4873 | 0.5157 |
2015 | 0.7307 | 0.3709 | 0.5508 | 0.4726 | 0.5102 |
2016 | 0.7630 | 0.3877 | 0.5753 | 0.4727 | 0.5215 |
平均值 | 0.3723 | 0.5109 | 0.4416 | 0.4082 | 0.4227 |
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