Differentiation Mechanism and Reconstruction Strategy of Rural Population Hollowing in China
Received date: 2018-06-10
Revised date: 2018-12-09
Online published: 2025-04-27
Rural population hollowing is the direct cause of the dramatic evolution of the rural regional system, and it is also the key to the loss of all kinds of human resources needed for the rural development and the aging and weakening of subject, how to effectively alleviate the rural population hollowing has a great practical significance to the coordinated development of regional economy and rural revitalization. This paper uses the comprehensive evaluation method to measure the degree of rural population hollowing, combines the methods of multiple linear regression and geographical detector to find out the main factors influencing rural population hollowing and reveals its spatial differentiation mechanism so as to explore its reconstruction strategy. The results showed that: 1) spatial distribution of the rural population hollowing has obvious regional differences, the average of population hollowing in Yanghuang irrigation area of the west rural was 18.27%, the central arid mountain area was 21.78%, the eastern rainfed tableland area is 20.37%, the overall trend is lower in the west than the middle east; 2) the main factors influencing the rural population hollowing are altitude of administrative villages, poverty rate, terrain slope and income gap between urban and rural residents which q values are 0.63, 0.56, 0.39, 0.35, respectively; 3) differentiation mechanism of the rural population hollowing is the result of interaction of many factors, and interactions of any two factors are larger than a single factor alone; 4) based on differentiation mechanism of rural population hollowing, this paper probes into the rural reconstruction strategies from the aspects of space, economy and society respectively and provides a reference basis for realizing urban and rural integration development and rural revitalization.
ZHENG Dianyuan , WEN Qi , WANG Yin , MI Huan . Differentiation Mechanism and Reconstruction Strategy of Rural Population Hollowing in China[J]. Economic geography, 2019 , 39(2) : 161 -168 . DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2019.02.020
表1 样本选择结果Tab.1 The sample selection results |
自然类型区(占全县面积的比例) | 样本村数量(个) | 抽样户数(户) |
---|---|---|
西部扬黄灌区(32.4%) | 10 | 386 |
中部干旱山区(14.7%) | 4 | 180 |
东部旱作塬区(52.9%) | 14 | 874 |
合计 | 28 | 1 440 |
表2 村域人口空心化程度综合评价指标Tab.2 The comprehensive evaluation index of rural population hollowing |
指标层 | 权重 | 计算方法 | 功效性 |
---|---|---|---|
流出人口占比 | 0.26 | (户籍人口数-户籍在本地常住人口数)/户籍人口数 | + |
外出从业劳动力占比 | 0.22 | 外出劳动力/农村劳动力 | + |
0~16岁儿童占比 | 0.17 | 0~16岁儿童人口数/常住人口数 | + |
60岁以上老年人占比 | 0.35 | 60岁以上老年人口数/常住人口数 | + |
表3 OLS模型参数估计及检验结果Tab.3 Parameter estimation of OLS model and test results |
自变量 | 系数 | P值 | VIF |
---|---|---|---|
X1 | -0.004521 | 0.6307 | 1.401399 |
X2 | 0.003231 | 0.8992 | 1.318423 |
X3 | 0.000590 | 0.3449 | 1.297720 |
X4 | 0.342757 | 0.0681 | 1.814034 |
X5* | 0.015715 | 0.0378 | 2.140144 |
X6** | -1.299016 | 0.0056 | 2.924824 |
X7 | 0.104348 | 0.0732 | 1.820172 |
C | -9.327393 | 0.5036 | - |
注:**表示1%显著性水平,*表示5%显著性水平。 |
表4 各要素及其交互作用地理探测分析表Tab.4 Q value of single factor and any two factors |
X1 | X2 | X3 | X4 | X5 | X6 | X7 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X1 | 0.3439 | ||||||
X2 | 0.9877 | 0.2269 | |||||
X3 | 0.9539 | 0.7366 | 0.3500 | ||||
X4 | 0.6950 | 0.6423 | 0.9731 | 0.2088 | |||
X5 | 0.9996 | 0.9878 | 0.9999 | 0.9714 | 0.6339 | ||
X6 | 0.9769 | 0.8703 | 0.9626 | 0.7466 | 0.7480 | 0.3917 | |
X7 | 0.7891 | 0.8899 | 0.9675 | 0.7720 | 0.9918 | 0.9313 | 0.5644 |
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