Water Footprint and Water Consumption Prediction of Food Crop Production in Five Central Asian Countries
Received date: 2020-03-24
Online published: 2025-04-25
Based on the methods of CropWAT Model,Kernel Density Estimation and Markov Chain,the study calculates the water footprint,water consumption and the relative state transition probability of the major food crops in five Central Asian countries from 1992 to 2017,and predicts the relative state transition probability of water consumption by 2042. This study finds that: 1) Wheat ranks first in the water consumption in five Central Asian countries,it has differences in the second-largest water consumption in five countries,barley ranks second in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan,and rice ranks second in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. 2) There are three types of the water consumption in relative status,which include High Consumption Status (HCS),Normal Consumption Status (NCS),and Low Consumption Status (LCS),and the HCS & NCS are both at a tendency toward NCS. Therefore the water consumption increase obviously. The transition probability from HCS and LCS to NCS are 57.14% and 33.33% respectively,and the probability of leapfrogging transition is zero. The transition probability of maintaining their original relative status is higher in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan than the whole probability of the five Central Asian countries,while the probability of leapfrogging transition is zero in each country among the five Central Asian countries. 3) According to the prediction results from 2017 to 2042,it shows that the mutual transition probability between HCS and NCS will increase,the same goes for mutual transition between NCS and LCS. The study indicates the increase of HCS and LCS will lead to possible risks in the future. In Uzbekistan,Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan,the transition probability from LCS and NCS to HCS are higher than the corresponding data of the five Central Asian countries.
HUANG Li , WANG Wulin . Water Footprint and Water Consumption Prediction of Food Crop Production in Five Central Asian Countries[J]. Economic geography, 2021 , 41(4) : 118 -126 . DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2021.04.015
表1 中亚五国粮食作物水消量的马尔科夫转换概率矩阵Tab.1 The transition probability matrix of Markov chain for water consumption of major food crops in five Central Asian countries |
1992—2017 | 哈萨克斯坦 | 乌兹别克斯坦 | 土库曼斯坦 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H | N | L | H | N | L | H | N | L | |||
H | 0.6667 | 0.3333 | 0 | 0.3333 | 0.6667 | 0 | 0.7500 | 0.2500 | 0 | ||
N | 0 | 0.9474 | 0.0526 | 0.1111 | 0.8333 | 0.0556 | 0.0556 | 0.9444 | 0 | ||
L | 0 | 0.3333 | 0.6667 | 0 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0 | 0.3333 | 0.6667 | ||
1992—2017 | 塔吉克斯坦 | 吉尔吉斯斯坦 | 中亚五国 | ||||||||
H | N | L | H | N | L | H | N | L | |||
H | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.4285 | 0.5714 | 0 | ||
N | 0.0500 | 0.9500 | 0 | 0.1667 | 0.8333 | 0 | 0.0753 | 0.9032 | 0.0215 | ||
L | 0 | 0.2500 | 0.7500 | 0 | 0.2500 | 0.75 | 0 | 0.3333 | 0.6667 | ||
2017—2042 | 哈萨克斯坦 | 乌兹别克斯坦 | 土库曼斯坦 | ||||||||
H | N | L | H | N | L | H | N | L | |||
H | 0.4444 | 0.5380 | 0.0175 | 0.1852 | 0.7778 | 0.0370 | 0.5764 | 0.4236 | 0 | ||
N | 0 | 0.9151 | 0.0849 | 0.1296 | 0.7963 | 0.0741 | 0.0941 | 0.9059 | 0 | ||
L | 0 | 0.5380 | 0.4620 | 0.0556 | 0.6667 | 0.2778 | 0.0185 | 0.5370 | 0.4444 | ||
2017—2042 | 塔吉克斯坦 | 吉尔吉斯斯坦 | 中亚五国 | ||||||||
H | N | L | H | N | L | H | N | L | |||
H | 0.0500 | 0.9500 | 0 | 0.1667 | 0.8333 | 0 | 0.2267 | 0.7610 | 0.0123 | ||
N | 0.0500 | 0.9500 | 0 | 0.1389 | 0.8611 | 0 | 0.1002 | 0.8660 | 0.0388 | ||
L | 0.1200 | 0.4300 | 0.5600 | 0.0417 | 0.3958 | 0.5625 | 0.0251 | 0.5233 | 0.4516 |
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