Spatial Pattern Evolution and Location Selection of Producer Service Enterprises in the Central Cities of Northwest Inland:A Case Study of Lanzhou City
Received date: 2020-03-01
Revised date: 2020-09-05
Online published: 2025-04-01
The producer service is an important force that instigates the economic growth of Chinese cities and the main aspect of the city's economic functions during the transition period. The location choice of enterprises has become an important way to analyze the evolution of urban spatial structure from a micro perspective. Taking the northwest inland central city—Lanzhou City as the case area,the paper analyzes the evolution process and agglomeration characteristics of the spatial pattern for the producer services enterprises in Lanzhou applying the kernel density method,and explores the influencing factors of location selection using the Logit model. The results suggest: 1) The spatial distribution of the producer service enterprises go through the process of "concentration-decentralization-decentralized concentration" and gradually form multi-center spatial pattern which is made up of the main areas (urban central areas) and the additional areas (peripheral areas). 2) From the perspective of the changing characteristics of industry agglomeration,contrary to the intensity,the distance at the peak of agglomeration increases firstly and then decreases. As agglomeration areas expand,multiple-core agglomeration areas emerge. 3) Agglomeration benefits,infrastructure,spatial distance,policy planning and technological innovation environment play a positive role in the location selection of productive service enterprises. Among them,agglomeration benefits,policy planning and technological innovation have more remarkable impact on the location selection of producer service enterprises. 4) From the perspective of different types of industries,the location choices of traditional producer service enterprises,such as business services,transportation and real estate services,are mainly affected by land prices and infrastructure factors,while modern producer service enterprises,such as the financial service industry,the information service industry and the technology service industry,attach more importance to the agglomeration efficiency and technological innovation of the enterprises in alternative locations. At the same time,policy planning also guides the location selection of modern producer service enterprises to a certain extent.
GONG Weimin , ZHANG Zhibin . Spatial Pattern Evolution and Location Selection of Producer Service Enterprises in the Central Cities of Northwest Inland:A Case Study of Lanzhou City[J]. Economic geography, 2021 , 41(2) : 82 -91 . DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2021.02.009
图2 1993—2014年兰州市生产性服务企业空间集聚特征Fig.2 Spatial agglomeration characteristics of producer service enterprises in Lanzhou from 1993 to 2014 |
表1 1993—2014年兰州市生产性服务企业空间集聚特征比较Tab.1 Comparison of spatial agglomeration characteristics of producer service enterprises in Lanzhou from 1993 to 2014 |
| 1993 | 1999 | 2007 | 2014 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 集聚范围(km) | 6.36~9.67 | 0~4.32,16.84~23.26 | 0~4.65,17.92~24.26 | 0~8.63,16.89~30 |
| 峰值距离(km) | 1.98 | 2.16 | 2.22 | 1.84 |
| 峰值集聚强度 | 0.23 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.33 |
表2 解释变量定义及预期影响Tab.2 Definition of explanatory variables and expected effects |
| 变量 | 变量含义 | 预期影响 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 因变量 | |||
| 企业区位 | 企业区位(loc) | 1=企业所选的区位,0=企业拒绝的区位 | |
| 解释变量 | |||
| 地方化经济 | 企业数量(firm) | 备选区位已有该行业企业数量(取对数) | + |
| 集聚效益(aggl) | 备选区位2014年拥有该行业企业的个数(个)(取对数) | + | |
| 城市化经济 | 城市化率(rate) | 备选区位的非农人口占年末总人口比重(%) | + |
| 人口密度(popudens) | 备选区位内每平方千米的人口数(人/km2)(取对数) | + | |
| 土地价格 | 商业基准地价(lanprice) | 1=一级地价,2=二级地价,3=三级地价,4=四级地价5=五级地价, 6=六级地价(取对数) | + |
| 劳动力资源 | 就业适龄人口(wap) | 备选区位每平方千米范围内15~64岁的人口数(人/km2)(取对数) | + |
| 本行业从业人员(workers) | 备选区位从事该行业的从业人员数(人)(取对数) | + | |
| 基础设施 | 路网密度(roaddens) | 备选区位的道路密度(km/km2)(取对数) | - |
| 空间距离 | 距城市中心距离(center) | 备选区位到城市中心的直线距离(km)(取对数) | - |
| 距最近轨道交通站点距离(railway) | 备选区位距最近火车站、地铁站的直线距离(km)(取对数) | - | |
| 距最近主干道距离(road) | 备选区位距最近城市主干道的直线距离(km)(取对数) | - | |
| 技术创新 | 距最近高校和科研院所的直线距离(university) | 备选区位距最近高校和科研院所的直线距离(km) | - |
| 政策规划 | 有无开发区或产业园区(development zone) | 位于开发区的街道赋值为1,其他街道赋值为0 | + |
| 是否位于城市规划中心区域(planning center area) | 位于规划中心区域的区位赋值为1,其他区位赋值为0 | + | |
表3 兰州市生产性服务业企业区位选择的条件Logit模型估计结果Tab.3 Results of the Logit model estimation of location selection of producer service enterprises in Lanzhou |
| 模型1 生产性服务业 | 模型2 科技服务业 | 模型3 信息服务业 | 模型4 金融服务业 | 模型5 房地产服务业 | 模型6 商务服务业 | 模型7 交通运输业 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firm | 0.142(0.996) | 0.031(0.218) | -0.026(0.719) | 0.595**(0.041) | 0.070(0.387) | -0.017(0.626) | 0.0143(0.224) |
| Aggl | 0.149***(0.006) | 0.061**(0.036) | 0.131***(0.004) | -0.484**(0.036) | 0.076(0.327) | -0.012(0.672) | -0.088(0.115) |
| Rate | 0.035(0.311) | 0.023(0.651) | 0.014(0.775) | 0.026**(0.012) | 0.047**(0.071) | 0.361**(0.034) | 0.012(0.761) |
| Popudens | 0.882(0.272) | 2.016(0.158) | -0.821(0.469) | 4.864(0.267) | 0.783(0.151) | 0.428(0.214) | 1.303**(0.032) |
| Landprice | -0.369*(0.029) | 4.144(0.111) | -0.089(0.968) | -0.889(0.669) | 2.557(0.139) | -0.031(0.176) | -1.873***(0.009) |
| WAP | 0.035(0.276) | -5.126(0.101) | 2.361(0.296) | 1.351*(0.076) | -2.879(0.324) | 0.403**(0.031) | 0.936*(0.091) |
| Workers | 0.124*(0.086) | 1.670(0.262) | 1.088(0.271) | 4.073(0.106) | 1.630(0.178) | 2.039(0.373) | 0.228**(0.035) |
| Roaddens | 0.561***(0.003) | 0.026(0.135) | 1.439(0.375) | 2.947(0.149) | 0.782(0.642) | 1.085***(0.007) | -0.040(0.965) |
| Center | -1.970**(0.049) | -0.639(0.642) | -0.268(0.886) | -0.852***(0.005) | -0.583***(0.010) | -1.207***(0.005) | 2.509*(0.086) |
| Railway | 0.259(0.679) | -0.001(0.999) | -1.509(0.187) | 0.010(0.994) | -2.051(0.171) | 0.236(0.861) | -0.086**(0.022) |
| Road | -1.332**(0.024) | -0.594(0.581) | -0.542(0.609) | -0.723(0.560) | -0.659**(0.032) | -0.743*(0.055) | -0.223***(0.005) |
| University | -1.103***(0.008) | -3.452***(0.006) | -1.324**(0.049) | -0.164(0.170) | -2.714(0.157) | -0.896(0.190) | 0.446(0.624) |
| DZ | 2.280***(0.003) | 1.164**(0.028) | 2.829***(0.002) | 2.714(0.119) | -1.008(0.579) | -6.908(0.145) | 0.882(0.530) |
| Planning | 4.430***(0.005) | 0.155(0.954) | -0.350(0.908) | -6.660(0.180) | 5.186(0.178) | 0.805(0.135) | 0.384(0.817) |
| Log-likehood | -2 297.2 | -1 475.4 | -1 424.9 | -1 065.2 | -1 327.7 | -944.6 | -1834.5 |
| Rseudo R2 | 0.5983 | 0.3713 | 0.3954 | 0.3155 | 0.4960 | 0.3703 | 0.5812 |
| 样本数量 | 2105 | 150 | 685 | 126 | 204 | 791 | 149 |
注:括号内数据为z检验值,*、**和***分别表示在10%、5%和1%统计水平上显著。 |
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