The Zhang Guying Village was selected as the research object and the relevant data obtained by field investigation and questionnaire survey was used to construct the sets of impact factors in tourism traditional villages from the perspective of internal damage and exposure. The explanatory structure model is used to analyze the constructed factor set, and a multi-level hierarchical intention graph is drawn. According to the stratification results, the hierarchical relationship among the vulnerability impact factors is obtained. The results show that: 1）The direct influence factors of the vulnerability of tourism-type traditional villages can be concluded as follows: Demolition of old and new, the lost of traditional techniques, the tourism development, floods, fires and other threats to the long-term protection of ancient villages. 2）The indirect impact factor of the vulnerability of tourism-type traditional villages include the weakness of damage resistance of building materials, the hollowing of the village population, the change of the village population structure and the destruction of tourism development to the traditional buildings and to the weakness of the atmosphere of the village. 3）Local residents do not agree with traditional culture, tourism development leads to increased environmental pressure in villages and commercial atmosphere, which become a decisive factor in the vulnerability of tourism-type traditional villages. 4）The local government’s insufficient attention to ancient villages, the lack of protection awareness of local residents, and the impact of rapid urbanization on ancient villages are deep-seated factors affecting the vulnerability of traditional tourism villages. The research in this paper can provide an important basis for the development and protection of tourism traditional villages.