Structure and Driving Factors of Spatial Association Network of the New Quality Productive Forces in the Pearl River Delta Region
Received date: 2024-08-10
Revised date: 2024-12-03
Online published: 2025-01-21
Delving into the spatial correlation network structure and driving factors of enterprises' new-quality productive forces is helpful to cultivate and strengthen new drivers of economic development. This paper takes A-share listed companies in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region as samples, utilizes the entropy method to calculate the index of enterprises' new-quality productive forces, and conducts quantitative analysis on the spatial correlation network structure and driving mechanisms of enterprises' new-quality productive forces based on the social network analysis, the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), and the QAP non-parametric estimation method. The results indicate that: 1) The new-quality productive forces of enterprises in the PRD region exhibits a dual-core spatial clustering and multi-tier grading characteristic. The first-tier high-density areas are distributed in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, the second-tier sub-high-density areas are concentrated in Zhuhai, the third-tier medium-density core areas are centered around the Guangzhou-Zhuhai line and the surrounding areas of Shenzhen, and the fourth-tier low-density core areas are mainly distributed in the inland hinterland of the PRD region. 2) The spatial correlation network structure of enterprises' new-quality productive forces demonstrates the spatial characteristics of small-world, network densification, long-tail distribution, and an "axis-hub" pattern. The network density and network efficiency exhibit an N-shaped trend (rising first, then falling, and finally rising again), with the overall network connectivity being relatively high. 3) The spatial correlation network structure of enterprises' new-quality productive forces has obvious regional characteristics, the number of network nodes has steadily increased and formed a "2+N" community structure through cooperation, namely two main communities centered on Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and N sub-communities centered on Zhuhai, Zhongshan, Dongguan, Huizhou, which are distributed in an n-shaped pattern around the Pearl River estuary. 4) Based on the nature of the spatial correlation network of new-quality productive forces, the sample enterprises can be divided into four plates. Plate I exhibits non-reflexive structural characteristics and the role of a "net spillover" plate. Plate II has reflexive structural characteristics and the role of a "primary beneficiary" plate. Plate III and plate IV both demonstrate reflexive structural characteristics and the role of "bidirectional spillover" plates. 5) Enterprise size, digital transformation, innovation capability, and ESG performance are key driving factors that facilitate the formation of the spatial correlation network of enterprises' new-quality productive forces.
WU Weiping , SU Leyan , YANG Yuxuan , WU Kexing . Structure and Driving Factors of Spatial Association Network of the New Quality Productive Forces in the Pearl River Delta Region[J]. Economic geography, 2024 , 44(12) : 141 -152 . DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2024.12.015
表1 整体网络与个体网络特征的度量指标及公式Tab.1 Measurement index and formula of the characteristics of the whole network and the individual network |
| 指标 | 计算公式 | 说明 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 整体网络特征 | 网络密度 | 空间网络中有N个节点,最大的可能关系数为个,实际关系数为M个 | |
| 网络效率 | R为多余线的条数,为最大可能的多余线条数 | ||
| 网络关联度 | V为网络中不可达的点对数目 | ||
| 个体网络特征 | 度数中心度 | 若城市i与j之间存在空间关联,则记,反之为0 | |
| 接近中心度 | 为两节点城市间最短路径距离 | ||
| 中介中心度 | 为城市j与k之间经过城市i的最短路径数,为城市j与k间最短路径数 | ||
表2 企业新质生产力空间关联的网络密度、网络效率和网络关联度Tab.2 Network density,network efficiency and network association degree of the spatial association network for enterprises' new quality productive forces |
| 年份 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 网络密度 | 0.4029 | 0.4823 | 0.3505 | 0.3338 | 0.3859 | 0.4086 | 0.3836 | 0.4171 | 0.4815 | 0.5368 |
| 网络效率 | 0.4828 | 0.7225 | 0.5150 | 0.5372 | 0.5864 | 0.6160 | 0.5791 | 0.6086 | 0.7065 | 0.7714 |
| 网络关联度 | 0.8739 | 0.9722 | 0.8767 | 0.8860 | 0.8975 | 0.9203 | 0.9183 | 0.9270 | 0.9606 | 0.9903 |
表3 珠三角地区企业新质生产力个体网络特征Tab.3 Individual network characteristics of new quality productive forces of enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region |
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 度数中心度 | 珠三角 | 0.57070 | 0.10840 | 0.11270 | 0.59090 | 0.14940 | 0.58820 | 0.98630 | 0.5943 | 0.6135 | 0.6520 |
| 广州 | 0.02100 | 1.00000 | 0.04650 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.06890 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 佛山 | 0.02180 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.04690 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.51790 | 0.57770 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 肇庆 | 0 | 1.00000 | 0.00980 | 0.02360 | 0.04080 | 0.01920 | 0.12820 | 0.01590 | 0.04470 | 1.00000 | |
| 深圳 | 0.03970 | 0.03010 | 0.05710 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 东莞 | 0.01410 | 1.00000 | 0.02330 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.66080 | 0.57420 | 0.61730 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 惠州 | 0 | 1.00000 | 0.00970 | 0.02360 | 0.03820 | 0.04090 | 0.02330 | 0.04780 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 珠海 | 0.08390 | 1.00000 | 0.10540 | 0.29100 | 0.31570 | 1.00000 | 0.48140 | 1.00000 | 0.40540 | 1.00000 | |
| 中山 | 0.13070 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.24120 | 1.00000 | 0.06720 | 1.00000 | 0.13790 | |
| 江门 | 0 | 1.00000 | 0.00980 | 0.02370 | 0.03570 | 0.15170 | 0.10920 | 0.11490 | 0.13060 | 1.00000 | |
| 中介中心度 | 珠三角 | 0.00440 | 0.00290 | 0.00950 | 0.13440 | 0.03990 | 0.02740 | 0.17040 | 0.61410 | 0.11370 | 0.55060 |
| 广州 | 0.00190 | 0.07590 | 0.00040 | 0.27380 | 0.05080 | 0.15550 | 0.00090 | 0.31760 | 0.07130 | 0.19090 | |
| 佛山 | 0 | 0.16370 | 0.50750 | 0.00002 | 0.05460 | 0.17110 | 0.00060 | 0.00060 | 0.07810 | 0.03280 | |
| 肇庆 | 0 | 0.08350 | 0.00001 | 0 | 0.00001 | 0.00001 | 0.00010 | 0.00001 | 1.07580 | 0.01130 | |
| 深圳 | 0.00670 | 0.10190 | 0.01140 | 0.33410 | 0.39740 | 0.20240 | 0.39950 | 0.30320 | 0.37240 | 0.30850 | |
| 东莞 | 0 | 0.08270 | 0.00001 | 0.09630 | 0.22050 | 0.00090 | 0.00030 | 0.00040 | 0.13110 | 0.03320 | |
| 惠州 | 0 | 0.00001 | 0.00001 | 0 | 0.00001 | 0.00001 | 0.00001 | 0 | 0.05300 | 0.03370 | |
| 珠海 | 0.00200 | 0.08160 | 0.00040 | 0.00040 | 0.00040 | 0.17170 | 0.00050 | 0.08710 | 0.00030 | 0.05590 | |
| 中山 | 0.00230 | 0.08290 | 0.25660 | 0.09700 | 0.10920 | 0.00050 | 0.34420 | 0.00006 | 0.02610 | 0.00001 | |
| 江门 | 0 | 0.08350 | 0.00001 | 0.00001 | 0.00001 | 0.00040 | 0.00007 | 0.00005 | 0.00001 | 0.01130 | |
| 接近中心度 | 珠三角 | 3.10620 | 5.68560 | 0.88850 | 0.49680 | 0.91000 | 3.25590 | 0.76700 | 0.28790 | 0.31470 | 1.56390 |
| 广州 | 0.00001 | 1.00000 | 0.51190 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.51850 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 佛山 | 1.80920 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.51120 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.67370 | 0.69090 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 肇庆 | 0 | 1.00000 | 0.50250 | 0.50590 | 0.51110 | 0.50650 | 0.53540 | 0.50400 | 0.51140 | 1.00000 | |
| 深圳 | 0.72410 | 1.00000 | 0.51470 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 东莞 | 0.53190 | 1.00000 | 0.50590 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.72860 | 0.70680 | 0.72540 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 惠州 | 0 | 0.50760 | 0.50240 | 0.50590 | 0.50980 | 0.50990 | 0.50810 | 0.51280 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | |
| 珠海 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.52500 | 0.58620 | 0.60420 | 1.00000 | 0.66620 | 1.00000 | 0.66830 | 1.00000 | |
| 中山 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.56090 | 1.00000 | 0.51790 | 1.00000 | 0.53930 | |
| 江门 | 0 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.50600 | 0.50910 | 0.53430 | 0.52830 | 0.53160 | 0.53890 | 1.00000 | |
表4 各板块的内部关联与外部溢出关系Tab.4 Internal association and external spillover relationships of each plate |
| 板块 | 接受关系数(条) | 企业数 (个) | 接收板块外关系数 (条) | 溢出板块外关系数 (条) | 总体关联 结构特征 | 板块角色 特征 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 板块Ⅰ | 板块Ⅱ | 板块Ⅲ | 板块Ⅳ | ||||||
| 板块Ⅰ | 5834 | 4936 | 0 | 478 | 109 | 5261 | 5414 | 非自反性 | 净溢出 |
| 板块Ⅱ | 4664 | 19680 | 0 | 292 | 152 | 5408 | 4956 | 自反性 | 主受益 |
| 板块Ⅲ | 0 | 0 | 6154 | 286 | 148 | 238 | 286 | 自反性 | 双向溢出 |
| 板块Ⅳ | 597 | 472 | 238 | 3443 | 241 | 1056 | 1307 | 自反性 | 双向溢出 |
表5 空间关联板块的密度矩阵和像矩阵Tab.5 Density matrix and image matrix of spatial association plates |
| 板块 | 密度矩阵 | 像矩阵 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 板块Ⅰ | 板块Ⅱ | 板块Ⅲ | 板块Ⅳ | 板块Ⅰ | 板块Ⅱ | 板块Ⅲ | 板块Ⅳ | ||
| 板块Ⅰ | 0.4956 | 0.0727 | 0 | 0.0039 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 板块Ⅱ | 0.0687 | 0.8574 | 0 | 0.0019 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 板块Ⅲ | 0 | 0 | 0.2828 | 0.0019 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| 板块Ⅳ | 0.0049 | 0.0031 | 0.0016 | 0.0595 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
表7 企业新质生产力空间关联网络影响因素的QAP回归结果Tab.7 QAP regression results of factors influencing the spatial association network of enterprises' new quality productive forces |
| 年份 | 2013 | 2016 | 2019 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scale | 0.0000 (1.0000) | 0.0018 (0.1930) | 0.0001* (0.0640) | 0.0004*** (0.0000) |
| Digitization | 0.0000 (1.0000) | 0.0016* (0.0801) | 0.0020* (0.0891) | 0.0031*** (0.0000) |
| Innovation | 0.0000 (1.0000) | 0.0016** (0.0162) | 0.0001 (0.4102) | 0.0001*** (0.0000) |
| ESG | 0.0000 (1.0000) | 0.0013 (0.1110) | 0.0001** (0.0420) | 0.0009 (0.1274) |
| Revenue | 1.0004 (0.5041) | 0.0028 (0.1102) | 0.0001 (0.1152) | 0.0008 (0.1691) |
| 观察值 | 85556 | 112560 | 228962 | 361802 |
| 随机置换次数 | 6000 | 6000 | 6000 | 6000 |
注:*、**、***分别表示10%、5%、1%显著水平;括号内数值表示显著性水平。 |
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