Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity and Evolutionary Mechanism of the Distribution of China's Convention and Exhibition Venues in the Past 10 Years
Received date: 2022-11-24
Revised date: 2024-05-10
Online published: 2025-01-21
As an important support of convention and exhibition activities, convention and exhibition venues play an important role in promoting the operation of convention and exhibition projects and the development of convention and exhibition economy. Taking 31 provincial-level regions in China as the research unit and exhibition venues with a scale of more than 20000 m2 as the research object, this paper analyzes the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and evolution mechanism of the distribution of convention and exhibition venues in China by using the methods of Kernel density analysis, nearest neighbor index, spatial autocorrelation and Geodetector. The results show that: 1) At the national scale, convention and exhibition venues are generally in a bow-shaped spatial distribution pattern which is made up of three cores and seven hot spots, and the gravity center continues to move from the northwest of China to the southeast of China. 2) At the provincial scale, the spatial distribution pattern is obviously different between the east of China and the west of China, which is consistent with the level of economic development, and shows a horizontal gradient evolution. The distribution of convention and exhibition venues in the province is mostly concentrated, but tends to be dispersed. 3) The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the distribution of convention and exhibition venues in China is affected by economy, society, industry endogenous and traffic environment, and the influence degree is increasing. The interaction of any two factors is higher than the force of a single factor.
WEI Tongfeng , SUN Haiyan , QIN Weishan , ZHAO Yumei . Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity and Evolutionary Mechanism of the Distribution of China's Convention and Exhibition Venues in the Past 10 Years[J]. Economic geography, 2024 , 44(12) : 82 -90 . DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2024.12.009
表1 全国会展场馆重心和标准差椭圆参数Tab.1 Gravity center and standard deviation ellipse parameters of convention and exhibition venues in China |
| 年份 | 重心坐标 | 移动方向 | 面积 (km2) | 周长 (km) | 方位角 (°) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 115°01′E,33°24′N | 东偏南 | 374.08 | 69.60 | 93.12 |
| 2015 | 116°14′E,33°02′N | 南偏西 | 247.96 | 56.14 | 44.09 |
| 2018 | 116°10′E,32°51′N | 南偏西 | 209.64 | 52.17 | 30.04 |
| 2021 | 115°47′E,32°09′N | 198.22 | 50.19 | 37.05 |
表2 不同年份全国会展场馆的各省最邻近点指数Tab.2 Nearest neighbor index of convention and exhibition venues in different provinces of China in 2012,2015,2018 and 2021 |
| 省份 | 2012 | 2015 | 2018 | 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NNI | SST | NNI | SST | NNI | SST | NNI | SST | ||||
| 安徽 | - | - | 0.776052 | 集聚 | 1.129795 | 随机 | 0.742686 | 集聚 | |||
| 北京 | 0.194065 | 集聚 | 0.194065 | 集聚 | 0.354596 | 集聚 | 0.390591 | 集聚 | |||
| 福建 | 0.725311 | 集聚 | 0.636284 | 集聚 | 1.139182 | 随机 | 2.2923 | 随机 | |||
| 甘肃 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.801673 | 随机 | |||
| 广东 | 0.939427 | 集聚 | 3.059875 | 随机 | 2.511926 | 随机 | 0.817214 | 集聚 | |||
| 广西 | 0.075283 | 集聚 | 1.140644 | 随机 | - | - | 1.140644 | 随机 | |||
| 贵州 | - | - | - | - | 1.541101 | 随机 | 0.900750 | 集聚 | |||
| 海南 | - | - | - | - | 0.918842 | 集聚 | 1.371618 | 随机 | |||
| 河北 | 1.274597 | 随机 | 0.982376 | 集聚 | 0.730122 | 集聚 | 0.764663 | 集聚 | |||
| 河南 | 0.030784 | 集聚 | 0.346101 | 集聚 | 0.515545 | 集聚 | 0.283464 | 集聚 | |||
| 湖北 | 0.081239 | 集聚 | 0.093935 | 集聚 | 0.293046 | 集聚 | 0.093955 | 集聚 | |||
| 湖南 | 0.090135 | 集聚 | 0.617850 | 集聚 | 0.239166 | 集聚 | 0.598527 | 集聚 | |||
| 吉林 | - | - | 0.023238 | 集聚 | 0.023238 | 集聚 | 0.023238 | 集聚 | |||
| 江苏 | 0.827429 | 集聚 | 1.173908 | 随机 | 1.103383 | 随机 | 0.887295 | 集聚 | |||
| 江西 | - | - | 1.122259 | 随机 | - | - | 0.733159 | 集聚 | |||
| 辽宁 | 0.515762 | 集聚 | 0.445792 | 集聚 | 0.419524 | 集聚 | 0.422665 | 集聚 | |||
| 黑龙江 | 0.704790 | 集聚 | 1.516110 | 集聚 | 1.491839 | 随机 | - | - | |||
| 内蒙古 | - | - | 0.729930 | 集聚 | 1.261714 | 随机 | 1.175138 | 随机 | |||
| 宁夏 | 0.046325 | 集聚 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| 青海 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| 山东 | 1.084836 | 随机 | 0.657940 | 集聚 | 0.575135 | 集聚 | 1.458280 | 随机 | |||
| 山西 | - | - | 0.011498 | 集聚 | 0.559606 | 集聚 | 0.013151 | 集聚 | |||
| 陕西 | 0.482401 | 集聚 | 0.036247 | 集聚 | 1.176614 | 随机 | 3.823671 | 随机 | |||
| 上海 | 0.218749 | 集聚 | 0.408729 | 集聚 | 0.408729 | 集聚 | 0.595896 | 集聚 | |||
| 四川 | - | - | 0.045921 | 集聚 | 0.118129 | 集聚 | 0.222351 | 集聚 | |||
| 天津 | 0.563608 | 集聚 | 0.563608 | 集聚 | 0.126499 | 集聚 | 0.259113 | 集聚 | |||
| 西藏 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| 新疆 | 0.859887 | 集聚 | 0.606584 | 集聚 | - | - | - | - | |||
| 云南 | - | - | 0.001187 | 集聚 | 0.001187 | 集聚 | 0.001187 | 集聚 | |||
| 浙江 | 0.806401 | 集聚 | 0.581539 | 集聚 | 0.648595 | 集聚 | 0.580824 | 集聚 | |||
| 重庆 | - | - | 0.083916 | 集聚 | 0.083916 | 集聚 | 0.083228 | 集聚 | |||
| 集聚占比(%) | 88.90 | 84.00 | 66.70 | 73.10 | |||||||
图3 全国会展场馆空间布局演化机理Fig.3 Evolution mechanism of convention and exhibition venues in China |
表3 影响因素探测指标及各影响因素(q值)探测结果Tab.3 Detection indexes of influence factor and detection results of each influence factor (q value) |
| 目标层 | 指标层 | 单位 | 因子 | q值 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 2015 | 2018 | 2021 | ||||
| 经济环境 | GDP | 亿元 | X1 | 0.5475** | 0.7258*** | 0.7206*** | 0.7917*** |
| 人均GDP | 万元 | X2 | 0.5025*** | 0.6225*** | 0.3486 | 0.3777 | |
| 货物进出口总额 | 亿元 | X3 | 0.8639*** | 0.7517*** | 0.5971* | 0.7844*** | |
| 第二产业占比 | % | X4 | 0.0745 | 0.1845 | 0.1484 | 0.2280 | |
| 第三产业占比 | % | X5 | 0.1431 | 0.0606 | 0.1363 | 0.0955 | |
| 社会环境 | 社会消费品总额 | 亿元 | X6 | 0.5623** | 0.7367*** | 0.7282*** | 0.7465*** |
| 星级酒店数量 | 个 | X7 | 0.6137*** | 0.5536*** | 0.5362*** | 0.6319*** | |
| 发明专利授权量 | 个 | X8 | 0.4572** | 0.7395*** | 0.6294*** | 0.7745*** | |
| 地方一般公共预算支出 | 亿元 | X9 | 0.4964** | 0.4738* | 0.5285** | 0.7160*** | |
| 民间社团及研究机构数 | 个 | X10 | 0.7672*** | 0.7804*** | 0.7594*** | 0.8435*** | |
| 产业内生环境 | 中国UFI会员数量 | 个 | X11 | 0.4009 | 0.7793*** | 0.6455** | 0.7005*** |
| 本专科会展专业开设点 | 个 | X12 | 0.3666 | 0.4850 | 0.4537 | 0.4199 | |
| 政府主管展览机构数量 | 个 | X13 | 0.0913 | 0.5830** | 0.6023*** | 0.2787 | |
| 交通环境 | 公铁通车里程 | km | X14 | 0.0511 | 0.0347 | 0.0667 | 0.0378 |
| 货运周转量 | 亿t·km | X15 | 0.3237 | 0.6994*** | 0.5949*** | 0.5633*** | |
| 客运周转量 | 亿人·km | X16 | 0.2307 | 0.3178 | 0.4329* | 0.3660 | |
| 城区公交车数量 | 辆 | X17 | 0.5763* | 0.5846** | 0.6895*** | 0.5817** | |
| 城区出租车数量 | 辆 | X18 | 0.4984*** | 0.4449** | 0.4605** | 0.2880 | |
| 旅客吞吐量 | 万人 | X19 | 0.4065** | 0.3339 | 0.3675 | 0.3921 | |
| 货邮吞吐量 | 万t | X20 | 0.4067** | 0.3932 | 0.2702 | 0.4240 | |
注:***、**、*分别表示在1%、5%、10%水平下显著。 |
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