The Interaction Relationship and Difference Between Household Consumption Upgrading and Tourism Consumption Structure in China
Received date: 2023-10-09
Revised date: 2024-02-05
Online published: 2024-09-12
Based on the panel data of six provincial-level regions from 2010 to 2019,this paper introduces seven core indicators to measure the spatial and temporal differences between the household consumption and the tourism consumption structure,and uses PVAR model to analyze their interaction relationship,influence mechanism and regional response. The results show that: 1) Household consumption and tourism consumption structure are upgraded synchronously in developed provincial-level regions. Beijing and Shanghai have higher consumption diversification (1.8~1.9),higher advanced structure (80%~85%) and higher tourism consumption structure index (0.87~1.00),followed by Fujian and Shandong,Sichuan and Shaanxi are both at the lowest levels. 2) There is a two-way win-win interaction effect between household consumption and tourism consumption structure,and the interaction influence is lasting and the structure is stable,that is,consumption upgrading is the driving force to promote tourism consumption upgrading,and it is also influenced by tourism consumption upgrading,but the former is stronger than the latter. 3) Tourism consumption in backward areas is more sensitive to household demand consumption and consumption diversification,and tourism development drives consumption upgrading. The consumption space of residents in developed areas has expanded the tourism consumption scene,thus achieving coordinated growth. Promoting the deep integration of tourism and household life forms is conducive to the realization of tourism development leading to the improvement of urban consumption quality,and forming a new development pattern of all-domain integration,sharing of hosts and guests,and two-way empowerment.
XING Di , SUN Gennian . The Interaction Relationship and Difference Between Household Consumption Upgrading and Tourism Consumption Structure in China[J]. Economic geography, 2024 , 44(3) : 197 -208 . DOI: 10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2024.03.020
表1 6个省份国内旅游接待量及国内旅游总收入Tab.1 Domestic tourism reception and gross domestic tourism income in 6 provincial-level regions |
年份 | 国内旅游接待总人数(万人次) | 国内旅游总收入(亿元) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
北京 | 上海 | 福建 | 山东 | 四川 | 陕西 | 北京 | 上海 | 福建 | 山东 | 四川 | 陕西 | ||
2011 | 20884.0 | 23079.0 | 14230.0 | 41696.0 | 34977.8 | 18135.0 | 2864.3 | 2786.5 | 1399.8 | 3573.7 | 2410.6 | 1240.0 | |
2013 | 24738.8 | 25990.7 | 19542.0 | 54262.0 | 48700.0 | 28161.0 | 3666.3 | 2968.0 | 2003.4 | 5014.7 | 3830.0 | 2031.0 | |
2015 | 26859.0 | 27569.0 | 26129.0 | 65045.4 | 58500.6 | 38274.0 | 4320.0 | 3004.7 | 2798.2 | 6505.1 | 6137.6 | 2904.0 | |
2017 | 29353.6 | 31845.0 | 37534.0 | 77966.2 | 66924.0 | 51900.6 | 5122.4 | 4025.1 | 4570.8 | 8491.5 | 8825.4 | 4630.0 | |
2019 | 31833.0 | 36141.0 | 52697.1 | 93288.0 | 75081.6 | 70200.0 | 5866.2 | 4789.3 | 7393.4 | 10851.3 | 11454.5 | 6978.9 |
表2 PVAR模型GMM估计结果Tab.2 GMM estimation results of PVAR model |
冲击变量 | 反应变量 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
h_dTBCI | h_dEC | h_dMEC | h_dSDI | h_dSAI | |
L.h_dTBCI | 0.161** | 0.143** | 0.087 | -0.079 | -0.040 |
L.h_dEC | 0.719*** | 0.003*** | - | - | - |
L.h_dMEC | -0.007 | - | 0.001 | - | - |
L.h_dSDI | 0.002 | - | 0.019 | - | |
L.h_dSAI | 0.034 | - | - | - | -0.086 |
冲击变量 | 反应变量 | ||||
h_dTNBCI | h_dEC | h_dMEC | h_dSDI | h_dSAI | |
L.h_dTNBCI | -0.121 | 0.208*** | 0.173*** | -0.180** | 0.970** |
L.h_dEC | 0.227 | 0.063 | - | - | - |
L.h_dMEC | 0.192 | - | -0.029 | - | - |
L.h_dSDI | -0.198 | - | -0.009 | - | |
L.h_dSAI | 1.057*** | - | - | - | 0.995** |
冲击变量 | 反应变量 | ||||
h_dTCSI | h_dEC | h_dMEC | h_dSDI | h_dSAI | |
L.h_dTCSI | 0.121*** | 0.679*** | 0.176*** | -0.207** | 0.051** |
L.h_dEC | -0.120** | -0.263** | - | - | - |
L.h_dMEC | 0.163** | - | 0.085 | - | - |
L.h_dSDI | -0.171** | - | 0.123 | - | |
L.h_dSAI | 0.009** | - | - | - | -0.185 |
注:*、**、***分别表示在10%、5%、1%的水平上统计显著。 |
表3 PVAR模型的Granger因果检验结果Tab.3 Granger causality test results for the PVAR model |
零假设 | Hcs的卡方检验 | 结论 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EC | MEC | SDI | SAI | |||
Hcs非TBCI的Granger原因 | 56.238*** | 0.876 | 0.556 | 0.072 | EC拒绝,MEC、SDI、SAI接受 | |
TBCI非Hcs的Granger原因 | 63.5*** | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.174 | EC拒绝,MEC、SDI、SAI接受 | |
Hcs非TNBCI的Granger原因 | 6.782*** | 8.115*** | 5.431** | 17.683*** | 均拒绝 | |
TNBCI非Hcs的Granger原因 | 1.430 | 1.260 | 1.295 | 23.446*** | EC、MEC、SDI接受,SAI拒绝 | |
Hcs非TCSI的Granger原因 | 35.919*** | 6.634*** | 6.025** | 6.971** | 均拒绝 | |
TCSI非Hcs的Granger原因 | 10.186** | 5.401** | 5.639** | 14.626** | 均拒绝 |
表4 旅游消费结构变动冲击居民消费结构的模型方差分解结果(单位:%)Tab.4 Model decomposition results of the tourism consumption structure variation on the household consumption structure (unit:%) |
期数 | 被冲击变量 | 冲击变量 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TNBCI | TCSI | ||||||
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | ||
1 | EC | 17.8 | 1.1 | 4.1 | 19.2 | 0.8 | 4.2 |
MEC | 10.2 | 0.1 | 4.3 | 12.7 | 29.8 | 1.0 | |
SDI | 5.3 | 0.4 | 7.0 | 5.6 | 0.4 | 5.6 | |
SAI | 9.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 12.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | |
3 | EC | 18.1 | 1.2 | 4.7 | 19.5 | 1.1 | 4.5 |
MEC | 10.1 | 0.1 | 5.1 | 12.6 | 29.8 | 1.1 | |
SDI | 5.3 | 0.4 | 7.6 | 5.6 | 0.4 | 5.6 | |
SAI | 9.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 11.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | |
4 | EC | 18.3 | 1.2 | 4.8 | 20.0 | 1.1 | 4.6 |
MEC | 10.3 | 0.1 | 5.4 | 13.1 | 29.8 | 1.2 | |
SDI | 5.4 | 0.4 | 7.7 | 5.8 | 0.4 | 5.8 | |
SAI | 9.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 12.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | |
5 | EC | 18.4 | 1.2 | 4.8 | 20.1 | 1.1 | 4.6 |
MEC | 10.3 | 0.1 | 5.5 | 13.1 | 29.8 | 1.2 | |
SDI | 5.4 | 0.4 | 7.7 | 5.8 | 0.4 | 5.8 | |
SAI | 9.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 12.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
注:表中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ分别表示发达省份、较发达省份和相对落后省份,表5同。本文选取预测期数为1、5、10和20期,由于研究结果表明在第5期之后各变量的方差分解结果相同,表明波动态势渐趋平稳,受篇幅限制仅展示了前5期的结果,若有需要详细数据可向作者索取。 |
表5 居民消费结构变动冲击旅游消费结构的模型方差分解结果(单位:%)Tab.5 Model decomposition results of the household consumption structurevariation on the tourism consumption structure (unit:%) |
期数 | 被冲击变量 | 冲击变量 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EC | MEC | SDI | SAI | ||||||||||
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | ||
1 | TNBCI | 0.1 | 1.7 | 25.8 | 0.2 | 24.0 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 11.7 | 52.2 | 0.3 | 16.8 | 11.1 |
TCSI | 0 | 5.1 | 32.8 | 0 | 12.7 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 16.8 | 47.8 | 0 | 20.6 | 9.1 | |
2 | TNBCI | 5.3 | 6.8 | 25.1 | 5.9 | 39.8 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 12.1 | 51.5 | 5.5 | 28.8 | 9.8 |
TCSI | 8.8 | 20.8 | 33.1 | 9.3 | 13.6 | 5.5 | 3.5 | 16.8 | 47.6 | 9.0 | 29.1 | 8.5 | |
3 | TNBCI | 5.4 | 7.5 | 25.0 | 5.8 | 41.0 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 12.1 | 51.5 | 5.4 | 29.2 | 9.6 |
TCSI | 8.8 | 23.9 | 33.2 | 9.0 | 13.6 | 5.4 | 3.5 | 16.8 | 47.6 | 8.7 | 29.4 | 8.5 | |
4 | TNBCI | 5.4 | 7.6 | 25.0 | 5.9 | 41.1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 12.1 | 51.5 | 5.5 | 29.2 | 9.5 |
TCSI | 9.1 | 24.7 | 33.2 | 9.3 | 13.6 | 5.4 | 3.6 | 16.8 | 47.6 | 9.0 | 29.4 | 8.5 | |
5 | TNBCI | 5.5 | 7.6 | 25.0 | 5.9 | 41.1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 12.1 | 51.5 | 5.5 | 29.2 | 9.5 |
TCSI | 9.1 | 24.9 | 33.2 | 9.3 | 13.6 | 5.4 | 3.6 | 16.8 | 47.6 | 9.0 | 29.4 | 8.5 |
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