This study uses the web crawler technology to obtain the POI data of facilities for the elders in prefecture-level cities of Hunan Province in 2021,and carries out the coordinate and projection transformation based on ArcGIS to realize data visualization. Based on the above,it uses the nearest neighbor analysis and kernel density analysis to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of facilities for the elders in Hunan Province. According to the consistency coefficient calculation formula and the geographic detector,it explores the concentration degree of facilities for the elders and detects the cause of spatial differentiation of facilities for the elders in prefecture-level cities of Hunan Province. It's found that: 1) The overall nearest neighbor index of facilities for the elders is 0.613 in Hunan Province,showing a significantly agglomeration distribution,and the distribution density is generally "dense in the east of Hunan Province and sparse in the west of Hunan Province,dense in the north of Hunan Province and sparse in the south of Hunan Province". 2) The consistency of facilities for the elders is obviously different in prefecture-level cities of Hunan Province,and the investment of facilities for the elders and the distribution of the elderly population show weak coordination. 3) The factor detection results of the geographic detector show that the number of elderly population,the level of urban economic development and number of healthcare facilities are the main factors affecting the number of facilities for the elders,the number of elderly population is the most essential reason,directly determining the construction of facilities for the elders. 4) The interactive detection results of geographic detector show that the distribution of facilities for the elders is affected by multiple factors,and the superposition of the number of elderly population and other factors can produce a stronger explanation for the spatial differentiation of facilities for the elders.
[1] 张黎. 长春市养老机构资源配置及优化策略研究[D]. 长春:吉林大学,2020.
[2] Smith G C,Ford R G.Geographical change in residential care provision for the elderly in England,1988-93[J]. Health and Place,1998,4(1):15-31.
[3] Tamiya N,Noguch H,Nishi A,et al.Population ageing and wellbeing:Lessons from Japan's long-term care insurance policy[J]. The Lancet,2011,378(9797):1183-1192.
[4] Daniel H,Marten L.Moving in and out of public old age care among the very old in Sweden[J]. European Journal of Ageing,2009,6(2):137-145.
[5] Sawamura K,Sano H,Nakanishi M. Japanese public long-term care insured:Preferences for future long-term care facilities,including relocation,waiting times,and individualized care[J]. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,2015,16(4):350.e9-350.e20.
[6] Lehnert T,Günther O H,Hajek A,et al.Preferences for home-and community-based long-term care services in Germany:A discrete choice experiment[J]. The European Journal of Health Economics,2018,19(9):1213-1223.
[7] Hrast M F,Sendi R,Kerbler B. Housing choices of older people:Staying or moving in the case of high care needs[J]. Sustainability,2020,https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072888.
[8] Lea J D,Jan Z,Kathrin D.A systematic review to identify the use of stated preference research in the field of older adult care[J]. European Journal of Ageing,2022,19(4):1005-1056.
[9] Stephen F,Seva R,Jennifer A.Residential care in California[J]. Journal of Maps,2020,16(1):138-143.
[10] Ossokina I,Arentze T.Reference-dependent housing choice behaviour:Why are older people reluctant to move?[J]. Housing Studies,2022,DOI:10.1080/02673037.2022.2151984.
[11] 季翔,肖炳科,孙强. 城市机构养老服务设施规划配置布局研究——以徐州市主城区为例[J]. 现代城市研究,2017(2):27-32.
[12] 井晓鹏,张海楠,葛娴娴. 需求导向下的西安市老城区养老设施布局研究[J]. 城市发展研究,2018,25(10):144-150.
[13] 李小云,龚子路. 需求导向与规划协调视角下的南昌市养老设施规划布局研究[J]. 工业建筑,2018,48(10):87-94.
[14] 刘新,王新建,吴政,等. 基于随机森林算法与供需关系的养老设施选址研究[J]. 测绘工程,2023,32(1):49-55
[15] 汪晓春,熊峰,王振伟,等. 基于POI大数据与机器学习的养老设施规划布局——以武汉市为例[J]. 经济地理,2021,41(6):49-56.
[16] 韩非,罗仁朝. 基于可达性测度的城市社区居家养老服务供需匹配研究——以南京为例[J]. 经济地理,2020,40(9):91-101.
[17] 喻冰洁,崔叙,刘筱瑗,等. 成都市养老服务设施空间分布格局及可达性研究——基于两步移动搜索法(2SFCA)[J]. 华中建筑,2022,40(2):83-87.
[18] 万浴,黄紫荆,陈刚,等. 社区尺度下南京鼓楼区养老设施综合评价研究[J]. 测绘科学,2021,46(4):135-141,177.
[19] 许轲,涂平. 福州市养老服务设施的空间可达性评价[J]. 华侨大学学报:自然科学版,2020,41(3):340-347.
[20] 许昕,赵媛. 南京市养老服务设施空间分布格局及可达性评价——基于时间成本的两步移动搜索法[J]. 现代城市研究,2017(2):2-11.
[21] 丁秋贤,朱丽霞,罗静. 武汉市养老设施空间可达性分析[J]. 人文地理,2016,31(2):36-42.
[22] 忻静. 面向“15分钟社区生活圈”规划的养老设施建设测度[J]. 遥感信息,2019,34(2):118-123.
[23] 李保杰. 徐州市养老机构空间分布特征与可达性研究[J]. 现代城市研究,2019(6):54-59.
[24] 马文军,李亮,顾娟,等. 上海市15分钟生活圈基础保障类公共服务设施空间布局及可达性研究[J]. 规划师,2020,36(20):11-19.
[25] 司马蕾. 上海市养老设施与养老床位的空间分布特征研究[J]. 建筑学报,2018(2):90-94.
[26] 罗欣然,岳邦佳,林爱文. 基于多元交通方式的养老服务设施可达性及公平性研究——以武汉市为例[J]. 华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2018,52(6):883-893.
[27] 熊珍. 湖南省农村低收入老人的养老保障现状及影响因素研究[D]. 长沙:中南林业科技大学,2020.
[28] 卢山. 湖南省基本养老保险制度对城镇居民消费的影响研究[D]. 长沙:湖南大学,2018.
[29] 曹雷,钟丽萍,范成文,等. 我国体医养相结合的健康促进服务模式的实践研究[J]. 首都体育学院学报,2022,34(5):516-524.
[30] 陈毅华,苏昌贵. 基于六普数据的湖南省人口老龄化发展态势与对策研究[J]. 经济地理,2013,33(1):21-26,40.
[31] 谢文彩,李星明,向兴,等. 武汉市康养旅游地空间布局及其优化研究[J]. 华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2018,52(1):147-154.
[32] 唐健雄,马梦瑶,陈宁,等. 长株潭城市群养老设施空间分异特征及影响因素[J]. 经济地理,2019,39(1):113-121.
[33] 何晖,张会阳. 基于空间资源匹配的养老资源区域配置评估——以湖南省14个地级市(州)为例[J]. 决策与信息,2021(5):45-56.
[34] 王劲峰,徐成东. 地理探测器:原理与展望[J]. 地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.
[35] 刘传明,李红,贺巧宁. 湖南省土地利用效率空间差异及优化对策[J]. 经济地理,2010,30(11):1890-1896.
[36] 龙双玉,胡文霞. 武汉市养老机构GIS时空演变及变化趋势[J]. 赤峰学院学报:汉文哲学社会科学版,2018,39(5):62-65.
[37] 杨浚恒,杨阳,马月伟. 云南民办养老机构空间分布现状及发展对策分析[J]. 西南林业大学学报:社会科学,2022,6(3):26-31.
[38] 姜磊,陈星宇,朱竑. 中国城市养老院的空间分布特征及其分异成因[J]. 地理学报,2021,76(8):1951-1964.
