Accelerating the improvement of rural public services and promoting the equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas are important measures to implement the Rural Revitalization Strategy. Based on China's provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019,this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the rural public service supply quality from the five dimensions of education and culture, medical and health care, social security, infrastructure and environmental protection and disaster reduction. It uses global entropy method, Moran index and spatial Durbin model to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the public service supply quality in rural China. The results show that: 1) The overall level of rural public service supply quality in China shows a steady upward trend,but the dimensional development is unbalanced. Infrastructure services and environmental protection and disaster reduction services are the core driving forces to improve the supply quality of rural public services,while education and cultural services,medical and health services and social security services have become the short board to improve the supply quality of rural public services. 2) There are significant regional differences in the supply quality of rural public services in China,which presents the decreasing trend from the east of China to the west of China, it's in the lowest level in the northeast of China,and there is a significant global spatial positive correlation. 3) The level of rural economic development and the upgrading of industrial structure can promote the improvement of the supply quality of public services in the local and adjacent rural areas. Rural population density has a negative impact on the improvement of the supply quality of public service in the local and adjacent rural areas. Urbanization has the opposite impact on the improvement of rural public service quality in the local and adjacent areas.
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