The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China regards promoting the building of the human community with a shared future as one of the essential requirements of the Chinese path to modernization,which provides new theoretical support for the innovative development of China's world economic geography theory. This paper sorts out the development process of world economic geography theory, and explains the important role of the concept of the human community with a shared future in solving contemporary complex world economic geography problems. Based on the perspective of the human community with a shared future,this article puts forward a preliminary understanding of the innovative development of world economic geography theory: world economic geography is an integrated structural concept. Global economic integration, global environmental change,and global geopolitical structure change need to stand in the perspective of the human community with a shared future,and be understood from the aspects of the global whole,the relationship between countries,the development of a country itself,non-state relations,and the interaction of subjects at different scales. World economic geography is a diachronic evolution process. The study of world economic geography should have a clear research unit,and China is an important part of the study. This article preliminarily constructs a theoretical system of world economic geography from the perspective of the human community with a shared future. Based on the theory of global integration,the theory of regional differentiation and regional connection,the theory of earth system science and the theory of human-land relationship areal system,this article explores the problems of world economic geography at different scales and hierarchies from the perspective of history,region,nation and non-nation. Finally,on the basis of the new theoretical framework,the article puts forward the key research content of world economic geography from the perspective of the human community with a shared future.

Urban-rural integrated development is an important development orientation in China, and the county territory is the pioneer area and breakthrough point of urban-rural integrated development. Chinese path to modernization has endowed county territory with new development connotation and era mission. Urban-rural integrated development at county level needs to give full play to the node functions of transition,connection,convergence,transformation and integration of county territory. By optimizing the urban spatial system and the spatial texture of urban-rural territorial functions,urban-rural integrated development can smooth the circulation mechanism,value increment and manifestation mechanism of urban-rural elements,and promote the equal development of urban-rural territories. The key tasks of urban-rural integrated development at county level under Chinese path to modernization are to optimize the urban-rural territorial system within the county territory,accelerate the gradient citizenization of agricultural migrant population,coordinate rural vitalization and county urbanization,and promote agricultural and rural modernization. The research on urban-rural integrated development at county level under Chinese path to modernization should focus on the theoretical reconstruction and practical logic of urban-rural integrated development,the flow mechanism and optimal allocation of urban-rural development elements,the industrial division pattern and function improvement of urban-rural territories,the system scheme of urban-rural integrated development, and the methodology innovation and technology integration facing the new demands within the county territory.

This paper uses NPP-VIIRS nighttime lighting data and Gaode's population migration data to study the spatial structure characteristics of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration using standard deviational ellipse method,spatial Moran index,network centrality analysis and core-edge analysis and to investigate the influencing factors of the Yangtze River Delta population migration network structure in terms of economic development level,industrial structure,public services and migration costs. It's found that: 1) The development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is uneven,which is higher agglomeration in the east than that in the west. There is a significant positive spatial correlation,specifically in the form of a core-edge spatial structure with larger cities close to larger cities and smaller cities close to smaller cities,the urban agglomeration expands along the Yangtze River,the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the direction of Nanjing-Hefei. 2) According to the intensity of population migration,the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is divided into four levels of population migration networks,with the network density increasing and the number of node cities increasing as the network level decreases. Among them,Shanghai,Suzhou,Wuxi,Nanjing,and Hangzhou have high degree of density and intense radiation and agglomeration effect. 3) The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration has an apparent core-edge structure,with a polycentric,networked,and synergistic development pattern forming within the region. 4) Wage level,industrial structure,transportation accessibility and medical services are the main influencing factors on the network structure of the population migration of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration,all of which significantly promote population migration.

： As an important measure to improve our multi-level medical security system,the integration of resident medical insurance is of great significance to realize the urban and rural integration,promote the fairness of consumption and improve the social welfare. Based on the review of the policy implementation of the resident medical insurance integration in China and the panel data of 278 cities at the prefecture level and above from 2006 to 2019,this paper uses the methods of time-varying DID and spatial DID to explore the effect and mechanism of the resident medical insurance integration on the urban-rural consumption gap. Results show that: 1) The integration of resident medical insurance and the urban-rural consumption gap index show the characteristics of spatiotemporal coupling,which exhibits a gradual diffusion from coastal regions to inland areas and a gradual alleviation from inland areas to coastal regions respectively. The urban-rural consumption gap index is significantly lower in the Pearl River Delta,Yangtze River Delta,Shandong Peninsula which are the earlier policy pilot areas. 2) The integration of resident medical insurance can significantly alleviate the urban-rural consumption gap,and there is a spatial spillover effect,which will slow down the urban-rural consumption gap in cities with similar economic development level,and aggravate the urban-rural consumption gap in geographically adjacent cities. 3) By narrowing the urban-rural income gap and reducing precautionary savings,the integration of resident medical insurance alleviates the urban-rural consumption gap,and its effects on consumption inequality are heterogeneous in different economic agglomeration areas and cities with different levels of economic development.

The report of the 20th CPC National Congress points out that the most arduous and complex task in the comprehensive construction of a socialist modernized country still lies in the rural areas. The endogenous capabilities play a critical role in solving this problem. Rural households serve as the fundamental organizational units of the rural economy development. The article reviews the research on the geography of rural household,such as the role of rural households in rural development as well as the relationship between rural household economic activities and the geographical environment,and analyzes the development status and related development thoughts of new economic subjects in the process of rural modernization, such as the relationships between rural households and enterprises, farmers' development consciousness and entrepreneurial spirit. It proposes the novel research framework on the geography of rural household in the process of rural modernization. Compared to the existing research on the geography of rural household,this framework adds the location and spatial structure of new agricultural management entities,such as family farms,agricultural cooperative organizations, agricultural social service organizations, and agricultural leading enterprises,and the spatial correlation between agricultural leading enterprises and other agricultural management entities including rural households. Consequently,the autonomous development capabilities of households are further expanded,and entrepreneurial spirit is introduced. The article emphasizes the need for special attention to the entrepreneurial spirit of rural areas in the context of increasing marketization of rural households and coexistence with new agricultural management entities in rural regions. In contrast to general entrepreneurship, it highlights innovations in the background of specific cultural and institutional settings,innovations related to special stages and industries,and innovations arising from the interconnection and flows of urban-rural factors. Meanwhile,the relationship between these economic entities and the geographical environment represents a particular focus for the study of the geography of rural households.

In recent years,the birth rate of Chinese population continues to decrease,the demographic dividend period is coming to an end,and the population contraction phenomenon becomes more and more obvious at the county level. Based on the data of 6th National Census and 7th National Census,this paper constructs the measurement index of permanent population and working-age population to investigate the situation of population contraction at the county level,analyzes the spatial pattern of population contraction,and explores the related factors affecting the population contraction by using the spatial Durbin model. The results show that: 1) In 2010-2020,the decrease of permanent population accounted for about 53% at the county level,over 70% of the counties (districts) showed a decrease of working-age population to some extents,and over 96% of the counties (districts) showed a growth rate of working-age population less than that of the permanent population. 2) From the perspective of space,the three provinces of Northeast China and Shanxi are concentrated in the counties where the permanent population is shrinking,while the counties that maintain population growth are mainly concentrated in Zhejiang Province,Tibet Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Some developed eastern regions,such as Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu,are also facing shrinking working-age populations. 3) The factors affecting the county population contraction are very complicated. Economic development level,industrial structure,birth rate,geographical position,education level and administrative level all affect the county population contraction significantly.

The construction of the theoretical system of Chinese path to modernization provides academic guidelines for tourism geography research in the new era. Based on analyzing the scientific connotation of Chinese path to modernization and combining the disciplinary orientation and development trend of tourism geography,this article constructs a new framework for tourism geography research from the aspects of theory,methodology and application. It is emphasized that the disciplinary advantages and regional,comprehensive,intersectional and applied characteristics of tourism geography must be brought into play,with the theory of human-environment relationship in tourism as the core,and the comprehensive application of multidisciplinary theories and technical methods. While strengthening the research on tourism spatial analysis,destination evolution and sustainable tourism development, tourism geography research should pay attention to the innovative application of modernity theory,symbiosis theory, justice theory,theory of scenes,theory of a community of shared future for mankind and new form of human civilization,and gradually build a theoretical system of tourism geography that meets the requirements of Chinese path to modernization. As the efforts in promoting the independent knowledge innovation in tourism geography,it is proposed to strengthen the tourism geography research on "Chinese characteristics",specifically to explore in depth the scientific issues such as the characteristics of population (demand) and the law of mobility,the mechanism and path of tourism development to promote common prosperity,the deep integration and high-quality development of culture and tourism,the harmonious coexistence of human-environment relationship and sustainable development of tourism,the geographical pattern of international tourism,and the role of tourism in promoting world peace. Tourism geographers should be the pioneers and agents in the construction of Chinese path to modernization in tourism research and actively undertake the political mission of responding to national strategies,the social mission of promoting common prosperity,the cultural mission of coordinating "two types of civilization",the ecological mission of promoting the harmony of human-environment relationship,the economic mission of propelling the service industry,and the international mission of advancing peaceful development,fundamentally to better serve the Chinese path to modernization and high-quality development of tourism.

Improving the spatial governance level is an important force for the modernization of national governance capabilities. With the development of smart society,constantly enriching data sources have become powerful weapons for perceiving and understanding urban space. Urban spatial governance,as a key level connecting the preceding and the following in the spatial governance system,currently lacks a unified and coordinated framework to address the issues of invalidation,disorder,and imbalance it faces. This makes data-driven governance become the necessary path for the digital and intelligent transformation of future governance,and thus deeply promotes the logical transformation from the empirical spatial governance to the scientific. Fully tapping into the potential of data resources can help strengthen the connections between urban spatial governance in different spatial units,levels,and entities. The research proposes that data-driven urban spatial governance should start from the massive multi-source geographic information data and urban perception data,creates an interconnected data management platform and an indicator system that emphasizes both rigidity and flexibility. Furthermore,it should establish a clear basic framework for urban spatial development through the construction of urban safety and functional patterns,utilize the urban intelligent brain platform to form an intelligent governance framework for spatial monitoring,evaluation,simulation,and decision-making throughout the entire process,and achieves the ultimate goal of high-quality,coordinated,and fair development of urban space.

The report of the 20th National Congress stressed that comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese path to modernization and building a new development pattern is the only way to realize Chinese path to modernization,which is a systemic and deep-seated change bearing on the overall situation. Humanities and economic geography is a practical science,which needs to face the national strategic needs in the new era and reflect on the new requirements,new connotations and important scientific issues in the field of regional development. This paper briefly reviews the statements made in the 20th National Congress report on Chinese path to modernization and the construction of a new development pattern,as well as the relationship with the new pattern of regional development. It studies the multi-dimensional influences on the concept,stages,key points,regional relations,urban-rural relations,spatial governance and opening of regional development. Furthermore,it analyzes the rich spatial connotation of the new development pattern,including the coordinated development of regions,integrated urban-rural development,modernization of spatial governance,and a dual circulation. It then benchmarks the regional coordination level of major countries in the world. Finally,this paper puts forward several important issues of geography in the process of Chinese path to modernization and the construction of new development pattern: the balance and synergy between major regional strategies,special type areas and coordinated regional development;new-type urbanization,rural revitalization and urban-rural integration;rational distribution of population,economy and society;major function-oriented zones,sustainable development and territory spatial system;the Belt and Road,dual circulation and opening up;and the new pattern,new factors and new mechanisms of regional development in China.

This study constructs a data set of campsites in China,quantitatively analyzes the spatial distribution pattern,equilibrium situation and spatial density of campsites in China,and explores the influencing factors and driving mechanism of the spatial distribution of campsites in China by combining the entropy method and the Geo-detector model. The results show that: 1) Campsites show a clustered spatial distribution pattern as a whole,and the spatial distribution of campsites presents the concentrated and unbalanced characteristics. 2) The distribution density of the campsites has obvious layering characteristics. In terms of the spatial distribution,it presents a concentrated distribution structure based on 'four cores-banded area-dotted group'. 3) The spatial distribution of campsites is the result of the comprehensive effect of natural ecological environment,traffic location,tourism and leisure level,socio-demographic condition and the level of economic development,and the influence ability of each influencing factors on the spatial distribution of campsites has dynamic differences. 4) Traffic location has synergistic effect and security effect on the spatial distribution of campsites,resource endowment has guiding effect and leverage effect on the spatial distribution of campsites,and social population and economic level have reshaping effect and superposition effect on the spatial distribution of campsites,and COVID-19 epidemic plays the role of catalyst effect. There is a strong symbiotic relationship between 'road-scenery-city-human-land' in the spatial distribution of campsites across the country. Driven by multiple factors, campsites show the distribution law of 'along the line, near the scenery and near the city'.

The digital new economy led by live-streaming e-commerce has become an important driving force for urban development. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the spatial location characteristics and the influencing factors of live-streaming e-commerce enterprises at the urban scale. Taking Hangzhou as a case,this study analyzes the location characteristics of the live-streaming e-commerce enterprises in Hangzhou in 2016,2019 and 2021 based on the data of Tianyancha,establishes the "subject-market-space" analysis framework from the perspective of "people,goods and market" in the field of e-commerce,and reveals the influencing mechanism of location choice of Hangzhou live-streaming e-commerce enterprises using multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model. The results show that: 1) The live-streaming e-commerce industry is rapidly reshaping the spatial pattern of the digital industry in the main urban area of Hangzhou. Since 2016,it has accelerated outward expansion and formed the live-streaming economic plates which are Yuhang,Binjiang-Xiaoshan and Linping-Qiantang,showing a special spatial evolution trend of "low in the center and high in the periphery". 2) The three major clusters have formed a pattern of professionalization and specialization. The core competitiveness of Yuhang cluster lies in high-quality life service facilities and good environment for companies' innovation. Linping-Qiantang cluster with professional market and diversified talent supply,coupled with relatively low housing prices,attracts a large number of live bases for small retails or wholesale industry. Binjiang-Xiaoshan cluster has multiple advantages and is comprehensively the strongest one. 3) In comparison with the classical location theory,industrial basis, employment cost and transportation accessibility are still the key factors affecting the location choice of live-streaming e-commerce enterprises. However,new location factors such as human demand,enterprise incubation and talent supply play an important supporting role in the development of live-streaming e-commerce industry,and there is spatial heterogeneity for all factors.

The spatial reconfiguration and optimization of settlements contributes to the transformational development and organic spatial renewal of villages,and is an important way to promote the inheritance of traditional villages and realize rural revitalization. Taking Chongmudang Village,a traditional tourism-oriented village,as a case study,the study is guided by the theory of system theory and uses the methods of landscape genetic analysis,remote sensing interpretation and GIS spatial analysis to accurately identify the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial reconfiguration of the internal and external systems of the settlement and deeply explore the mechanism of spatial reconfiguration and rural revitalization. The study shows that: 1) Landscape genetics and residential architecture are the main components of the spatial reconstruction of Chongmudang settlement,with landscape genetics showing a harmonious character of slight changes but blending into the local area,the harmonious coexistence of old and new landscapes,and the dynamic continuation of traditional styles. Residential architecture shows a clear characteristic of settlement form at the overall level, the evolution of building functions from single to composite, and the orderly spatial expansion at the local level. 2) The external system of Chongmudang Village guides and constrains the settlements,showing the characteristics of proximity, centrality and hydrophilicity, the closer the settlements are to the roads, infrastructure and water, the denser they are. 3) With the external environment driving and the internal elements responding,Chongmudang Village adopts a three-dimensional reconstruction path of cultural continuity,spatial order and material renewal to promote the spatial reshaping of spatial elements,spatial pattern optimization and spatial organization of village settlements, which provides a cultural,spatial and material basis for rural revitalization, and empowers the practice of rural revitalization.

The Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed promoting national rejuvenation through the Chinese path to modernization,and elaborated the scientific connotation,essential requirement,grand blueprint,and realization route of the Chinese path to modernization. As one of the major national regional strategies,regional integration and high-quality development in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) might be the epitome and demonstration plot of the Chinese path to modernization. Focusing on the characteristics such as a huge population,common prosperity for all,harmony between humanity and nature,and material and cultural-ethical advancement,this paper aims to decode the relationship between regional integration of the YRD and the Chinese path to modernization. Furthermore,with particular attention given to the ability of industries to create wealth and jobs,the further implementation of new-type urbanization, and eco-environmental protection and green technical innovation,this paper analyzes new connotations and missions oriented by the Chinese path to modernization, and then generate several research agendas of integration development of YRD in human and economic geography. This paper aims to contribute to the literature on regional integration,and provide reference for promoting regional practice of the Chinese path to modernization.

Intelligent logistics is an important support for the modern supply chains and plays a key role in China's deep involvement in the global industrial and value chain division of labor and cooperation. This study takes 30 provincial units in China from 2006 to 2020 as the research objects, and explores the network structure and influencing factors of the spatial connection in the intelligence of the logistics industry by using a range of methods,including the entropy weight and the coefficient of variation integrated assignment method,the modified gravity model,the social network analysis method and the geographical detector. The results show that: 1) The spatial connection intensity in the intelligence of the logistics industry has increased over time,yet the overall connection effect remains insufficient. In terms of spatial distribution,the spatial connection intensity in the intelligence of the logistics industry which displays a characteristic of "club convergence" shows a significant layer decreasing trend in the eastern,central and western regions. 2) The network structure of the spatial connection intensity in the intelligence of the logistics industry changes from the simple and sparse characteristic to the complex characteristic over time,and the spatial pattern is characterized by "density in the east and sparsity in the west". In addition,the network efficiency of the spatial connection intensity in the intelligence of logistics industry is declining,and the inter-regional connection is at the stage of uncoordinated development. 3) The research reveals that there is heterogeneity in the influence of different driving factors on the spatial connection intensity in the intelligence of logistics industry. And the influence ability of the driving factors are,in descending order,innovation ability,economic development,education level,openness to the outside world,industrial structure,government regulation and control,transportation infrastructure and asset investment. Moreover,the influence of the interaction factors after the combination achieves a two-factor growth.

Ecological well-being performance (EWP) reflects the sustainability of regional development. Clarifying the economic and environmental effects of EWP change is of great significance for the coordinated promotion of economic development,environment protection,and people's well-being. The EWP of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River was measured from 2005 to 2020. A panel regression model was used to analyze the economic and environmental effects of EWP and the stage characteristics of the effects,under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. The study shows that: 1) During the study period,the improvement of EWP in the study area had an economic inhibitory effect and a significant carbon emission reduction effect. 2) The economic effect of EWP in the study area showed a stage-specific characteristic. The coordination between EWP and economic growth gradually increased. EWP mainly exhibited economic disincentive effect in 2005-2012,economic promotion effect started to appear in 2013-2020. 3) The environmental effects of EWP in the study area showed phased characteristics,and the carbon emission reduction effect showed a strengthening trend. The increasing effect of EWP on per capita carbon emissions changed to the reducing effect,and the reducing effect of EWP on carbon emission intensity was further enhanced.

As China's economy enters the high-quality development stage,the industrial structure will also be deeply adjusted,which will have a significant impact on the air quality. Based on panel data of 285 cities at prefecture level and above in China from 2001 to 2020,this paper explores the temporal and spatial evolution of PM_2.5,empirically analyzes the impact of industrial structure adjustment on PM_2.5 using spatial Durbin model,and tests the regulatory role and specific mechanism of industrial agglomeration. The results show that: 1) The overall PM_2.5 of Chinese cities presents an inverted U-shaped characteristic,which is rising first and then falling. Cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Central Plains,Shandong Peninsula and other regions are always high value regions. 2) China's urban PM_2.5 has obvious spatial correlation,showing the characteristics of "expansion before contraction". 3) The increase in the proportion of the secondary industry has a significant positive correlation with urban PM_2.5,while the proportion of the tertiary industry has a significant negative correlation with urban PM_2.5. 4) Whether it is manufacturing industry agglomeration or producer service industry agglomeration,it plays a positive role in adjusting the industrial structure to affect urban PM_2.5 and the latter has a greater positive role. 5) Industrial structure adjustment can reduce urban PM_2.5 concentration by reducing pollutant emissions.

Digital technologies such as mobile Internet have empowered the traditional retail industry and promoted the interactive integration of online and offline retail space. The new retail model of community group buying with presale system has developed rapidly, and gradually changed the shopping way of residents. The research on community group buying is mainly focused on the concept connotation, operation mode, distribution mode and distribution center location. The discussion of spatial distribution pattern of the pickup points still needs to be further deepened. Based on the data of the seventh national population census, road density and POI (Point of Interest), this paper analyzes the spatial distribution pattern of pickup points of community group buying in Guangzhou by the means of standard deviation ellipse, kernel density analysis and multiscale geographically weighted regression, and explores its influencing factors. The results show that: 1) The pickup points of community group buying in Guangzhou exhibit the "center-periphery" distribution pattern, its distribution density shows decreasing trend from the city center, suburbs to outer suburbs. It shows the continuous agglomeration in the central area and cluster distribution in the outer suburbs, which reveals that the spatial distribution pattern of the self-picking points of community group buying has a high matching degree with the population density. 2) Convenience store density, population density, supermarket density, comprehensive market density and the proportion of young and middle-aged residents have a significant positive impact on the spatial distribution of pickup points of community group buying, while express network density has a significant negative impact. The spatial distribution preference of pickup points of community group buying is in areas with dense traditional retail distribution, such as convenience stores, supermarkets, comprehensive markets, indicating that the pickup points community group buying are path-dependent on the distribution of traditional retail space.

Taking the integration of digital reality as the background,this paper introduces the symbiosis theory into the theoretical analysis framework of the integration development of digital economy and tourism industry. On the basis of in-depth interpretation of the inner logic and theoretical connotation of the integration development of digital economy and tourism industry,it scientifically constructs the evaluation index system and uses econometric models to empirically analyze the spatio-temporal evolution and dynamic mechanism of the integration development of digital economy and tourism industry based on the panel data of 31 provinces and regions in China's mainland from 2011 to 2020. It is found that: 1) There are continuous and stable symbiotic conditions and integration basis between digital economy and tourism industry, and the symbiotic system of their integration development is composed of symbiotic conditions, symbiotic units,symbiotic interface, symbiotic mode and symbiotic environment,their integration symbiosis mode is mainly manifested as endogenous reciprocal integration symbiosis mode with high-tech traction as the driving force and embedded integration with industrial chain and industrial function expansion as the guide. 2) The integration development of digital economy and tourism industry shows dynamic evolutionary characteristics, mainly goes through four integration stages: the budding period stage (with resource management as the focus), the initial stage stage (with product service as the main line), the change period stage (with market demand as the plane), and the reconstruction period stage (with industrial transformation as the main body). 3) In 2011-2020,31 provinces and regions show gradient differences in the integration development level between digital economy and tourism industry, forming a spatial pattern of "east China>south China>central China>north China>southwest China>northeast China>northwest China",and showing a significant spatial agglomeration and regional consolidation effect, with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta as the leading areas of integrated development. 4) Digital industry, market demand and economic development vitality are the main factors to promote the integration of digital economy and tourism industry, but the improvement of technological innovation level has exacerbated the "digital divide" and "integration barriers" problem.

Improving the efficiency of financial services for the real economy is an important issue for Hainan to optimize the allocation of capital factors and build a free trade port with Chinese characteristics. Based on the measurement results of t the efficiency of financial services for the real economy in 18 cities and counties of Hainan from 2011 to 2020,this paper constructed the spatial correlation network of the efficiency of financial services for the real economy. It investigated the spatial correlation pattern and node characteristics of the efficiency in Hainan by the means of the network analysis method,used the SDM to calculate and decompose its spatial spillover effect,and analyzed the spatial effect of efficiency. The results show that: 1) The efficiency of financial services for the real economy in Hainan Province is a multi-threaded network structure with a "cluster" distribution,and the north-south depth distribution is bidirectional. Haikou and Danzhou are the key nodes,but the overall network density is still low. 2) The network nodes of each city and county are mainly characterized by an asymmetric core-edge structure,including three types of core nodes,intermediary nodes and marginal nodes,which have strong spatial control,mediation and dominance respectively. 3) Considering the efficiency of the geographical and economic factors associated with the network can be more significant to describe the economy and the liquidity of financial resources,spatial spillover effect measure results show that more factors are present significant spatial spillover effect and give priority to with inhibitory effect,influencing factors,such as the scale of financial industry,financial agglomeration degree,significantly show the negative spatial spillover effects. Economic development level and urbanization level have significant positive spatial spillover effect.

The geopolitical position of countries in the global "energy power pyramid" affects national energy security and strategic decisions. Based on multi-source heterogeneous data from 2001 to 2020,this study comprehensively explores the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of geopolitical power and its driving paths of major countries along the "Belt and Road" region by means of longitudinal and cross-sectional slotting methods and qualitative comparative analysis models. The study finds that: 1) During 2001 and 2020,the energy power in the "Belt and Road" region is concentrated in a few countries,with the top 10 countries owning about one-third of the power in the countries along the route. 2) The geopolitical power of the countries along the "Belt and Road" region has evolved from a dual core of Russia and the Netherlands to a "tripod" dominated by China,Russia and Saudi Arabia,and the spatial distribution pattern of large-scale fragmentation zones around a very few major power countries is evident in each period. 3) The interdependence and linkage of different geopolitical factors constitute differential driving paths for high-level geo-energy rights,it identifies three driving paths which are "military force" path,"military-stable type" path and "stable-harmonious type" path. Accordingly,policy recommendations are made for the consolidation of China's energy power and the establishment of the "Belt and Road" energy community of interests.

Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2008 to 2020,this paper uses the difference-in-differences model to estimate the impact of the "separation of rural land rights" policy on urban-rural integration,and examines the internal relationship between rural land system reform and urban-rural integration development. The results of the benchmark regression show that the "separation of rural land rights" policy has significantly improved the level of urban-rural integration development in China. Based on the heterogeneity analysis,it's found that the policy of "separation of three powers" has a more significant effect in areas with high urban-rural integration,strong financial provinces and eastern regions. The analysis of the impact mechanism found that the "separation of rural land rights" policy promotes the urban-rural integration by improving the agricultural land circulation,the cultivation of new agricultural management entities and urbanization. At the same time,the cultivation of new agricultural management entities and the agricultural land circulation are mutually reinforcing,the agricultural land circulation and the new agricultural management entities can promote the level of urbanization. The urban-rural integration promoted by the reform of rural land system has a clear path of action and a perfect self-realization mechanism.

Based on the analysis of relevant literatures on high-quality development and green logistics,this article constructs the evaluation index system of green logistics level under the high-quality development,uses the TOPSIS-cloud PDR multi-criteria decision-making method to empirically study the development level of China 's provincial green logistics from 2011 to 2020,and identifies the key obstacle factors. The results show that: 1) There are significant differences in the level of green logistics among provinces,but the development trend is positive in the dimensions of function,structure and operation. In terms of time,it shows a trend of decreasing first and then fluctuating upward. The inflection point appears after the concept of high-quality development is put forward. The development stability is strong in coastal areas,it shows the characteristics of radiation and uneven spatial development pattern which is higher in the east than that in the west. 2) The obstacle factors of green logistics development are relatively stable during the research period. The obstacle degree from large to small is the operation dimension,the structure dimension and the function dimension. The top five secondary indicators are the ratio of science and technology investment to GDP,the turnover of goods,the ratio of total import and export of goods to GDP,per capita GDP and fixed asset investment in logistics industry. According to the research conclusions,this paper puts forward suggestions for improving the level of provincial green logistics under the high-quality development from the aspects of ' operation-structure' coordinated development,strengthening regional economic linkage and formulating characteristic development plans.

Integrative development of logistics and manufacturing industries is an important measure to deepen supply-side structural reform and to promote high-quality economic development in China,meanwhile,urban agglomeration is becoming an important space for industrial agglomeration and integration development. It is an urgent problem to scientifically and accurately measure the two-way coagglomeration level and the structural characteristics of logistics industry and manufacturing industry from the perspective of urban agglomeration,and to explore the development direction and governance mechanism for the coagglomeration of the two industries. Retrieving the geographic information of all logistics and manufacturing enterprises of Tianyancha in 19 urban agglomerations of China,introducing the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) method in image retrieval field combined with improved Sinkhorn algorithm,and applying Monte Carlo simulation for industry to build the industry coagglomeration index in different direction,this paper measures the two-way coagglomeration level between logistics industry and 31 double-digit manufacturing industries in China,and analyzes their overall characteristics,industry characteristics and regional characteristics. The results show that the phenomenon of two-way coagglomeration between logistics industry and manufacturing industry in China is more significant,the coagglomeration level of technology-intensive and capital-intensive industries and logistics industry is significantly higher than that of resource-intensive and labor-intensive industries,it presents industrial differences of the two-way coagglomeration presenting. The significance of the two industries in the middle west and northeast is mainly in the direction of manufacturing industry to logistics industry. Therefore,several countermeasures are put forward as follows: making overall spatial planning and strengthening the coordinated layout of the two industries,enhancing coordination and interaction to improve the quality and efficiency of the two industries' coagglomeration,further promoting the coagglomeration of the two industries and promoting regional coordinated development.

How to optimize regional institutional environment and guide local government behavior to realize green transformation is one of the core issues concerned by environmental economic geography. Based on the panel data of 261 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2019,this study calculates the industrial carbon emission efficiency at the city level with the help of the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model. It analyzes the influence of industrial land transfer structure tendency on carbon emission efficiency and its transmission mechanism. The results show that: 1) The transfer structure of industrial land in favor of low-end technology industry has a significant negative impact on carbon emission efficiency,and the impact is more significant in central and western regions and small and medium-sized cities. 2) Green technology innovation plays a partial mediating role in the influence of industrial land transfer structure tendency on carbon emission efficiency. 3) The transmission mechanism of green technology innovation has nonlinear characteristics,that is,the industrial structure change caused by land transfer has obvious differences in the impact on carbon emission efficiency. From the perspective of optimizing local government behavior,the paper enriches the discussion on green transformation in environmental economic geography research and provides a new empirical perspective for promoting the creation of supply-side path and realizing green transformation. The policy implication of this paper is that,in order to achieve high-quality development,it is necessary to adjust the incentive of local government industrial land transfer. It is not only necessary to reasonably control the scale of local government industrial land transfer,but more importantly,to optimize the industrial land transfer structure,so as to provide support for the realization of the "double carbon" goal and regional sustainable development.

China's peaceful rise has resulted in a dramatic shift in the world's geopolitical situation. Rising powers and hegemonic states compete for the support and follow-up of small countries through power games, while smaller countries have varied strategic dispositions towards the two major powers,resulting in complicated power games and inter-state relations. This paper constructs an analytical framework for exploring the interactive dynamics between geopolitical potential and bilateral relations,with the theoretical foundations of the territorial trap,strategic triangle,and hedging strategy. Taking the geopolitical game between China and the United States in ASEAN's ten countries as a case study, the following findings have been found that: 1) In Brunei, Philippines and Indonesia, the geo-potential game between China and the United States is in the highly competitive power game zone, whereas it is in the more moderate power game zone in other countries. 2) Combined with the quantitative calculation results of bilateral relations between China and the United States with ASEAN countries, ASEAN's hedging strategy can be divided into three categories: balance type (the Philippines, Myanmar, Brunei, and Singapore), follower type (Laos and Cambodia), and hedging type (Vietnam,Malaysia,Thailand,and Indonesia). 3) Under different power game intensities,different hedging strategy choices by small countries result in five types of interactions between China and the United States geo-potential and bilateral relations in ASEAN: follower type (Laos and Cambodia),binder type (Thailand,Vietnam,and Malaysia),preventer type (Singapore and Myanmar), restraint type (Indonesia), balance type( the Philippines and Brunei). Finally,four strategic measures tailored to individual countries are proposed based on the different interaction patterns displayed by China and the United States with ASEAN countries: in-depth cultivation,hard maintenance,utmost striving, and moderate precautions.

Based on Martin's the economic resilience theory,this paper constructs the evaluation system of China's inbound tourism economy,studies its spatial-temporal characteristics and configuration mechanism in 2011, 2015 and 2019 using the methods of TOPSIS and fsQCA. The results show that: 1) The overall resilience level of China's inbound tourism economy shows an upward trend,and the regional differences are constantly narrowing. 2) From the perspective of spatial differentiation,the resilience of China's inbound tourism economy as a whole shows the spatial diffusion development which evolves from point distribution to line distribution and cluster distribution. The resistant ability shows a significant tendency of "coastal and border" agglomeration,the recovery ability gradually forms a "one horizontal and two vertical" high-level agglomeration zones,the adjustment ability shows the development characteristics of cluster pattern,and the renewal ability shows the obvious characteristics of high in the south and low in the north. The spatial pattern of each dimension has significant difference,and there is still a large space for development. 3) As for the configuration mechanism,the economic resilience of China's inbound tourism is manifested in six types of driving mechanism (industry supporting innovation-driven type,foundation consolidation innovation-driven type,service optimization innovation-driven type,breakthrough industry-driven type,gradual industry-driven type and foundation security-driven type) and three types of restrictive mechanism (service optimization-restrict type,industrial innovation-restrict type and foundation industry-restrict type). The environment of tourism industry has gradually become the key to the resilient development of inbound tourism economy.

The coordinated development between economic development quality and ecological resilience is an essential manifestation of human-nature harmony. The methods of entropy weight-TOPSIS and coupling synergy are used to quantify the degree of coordinated development between economic development quality and ecological resilience using the data of 53 Chinese coastal cities from 2003 to 2020. This paper investigates the evolution principles of coordinated development between economic development quality and ecological resilience using the kernel density estimation and the standard deviation ellipse,and uses the Dagum Gini coefficient and decomposition,the spatial convergence model to analyze its regional disparities and spatial convergence features. It's found that: 1) The degree of coordinated development shows a fluctuating upward pattern in overall coastal cities and three major regions (coastal cities in the Bohai-Huanghai Sea,the East China Sea,and the South China Sea) where it has different degrees of polarization. 2) The coordinated development pattern has a northeast-southwest tendency with apparent spatial agglomeration features. The evolution process is characterized by "barely coordinated areas gradually disappearing,primary coordinated areas becoming the main bodies,and intermediate coordinated areas showing the block-shaped development". 3) Coordinated development degree has a fluctuating downward trend with varying degrees at the overall and regional levels. Hypervariable density is the main source of overall differences. 4) Overall and regional coordinated development exhibits the features σ convergence, absolute and conditional β convergence,and regional differences in spatial convergence performance exist. Based on the above,this paper suggests policy implications from strengthening the weakness areas of high-quality economic development, adhering to integrated development,and developing regional differentiation policies.

Based on the six batches of Chinese traditional villages,this study uses kernel density analysis to examine their spatial distribution characteristics and explore their spatial patterns of tourism development. Additionally,the study overlaps these villages with key Chinese rural tourism villages and concentrated contiguous protected utilization demonstration areas to enhance the understanding of their tourism development patterns. It identifies the relationships between each factor and tourism development by the means of correlation analysis method,investigates the spatial heterogeneity of each factor using the geographically weighted regression model and analyzes their impact mechanisms. The study finds that: 1) The distribution pattern of Chinese traditional villages has gradually shifted from a concentrated distribution in the southeastern China to a spread towards the northwestern China. 2) The tourism development of Chinese traditional villages presents the spatial distribution characteristic which is higher in the east of China than that in the west of China. 3) Population has the highest impact on tourism development,while factors like gas coverage rate,road network density,overall landscape,traditional architectural scale,sewage treatment coverage rate,per capita GDP,accommodation facility density,and catering facility density all exhibit strong correlation. 4) The previous "single village protection and development" model has gradually evolved towards a "clustered systematic protection and development" model,the scale effect of village-to-village linkage is beneficial to the development of traditional village tourism.

The inclusiveness and efficiency of marine economy are two important characteristics of high-quality development,and the exploration of the relationship between the two is of great significance to promote the high-quality development of China's marine economy. This paper uses the TOPSIS-VIKOR model and the super-efficient SBM model to quantitatively measure the inclusiveness level and efficiency of marine economy in coastal provinces in China from 2008 to 2020,and then applies the Haken model to explore the synergistic relationship between the two. The results show that: 1) From 2008 to 2020,the inclusive level of marine economy in China's coastal areas generally showed a wave-like upward development trend. 2) The inclusiveness of the marine economy is the sequential parameter that dominates the evolution of the ocean system,and its interaction with efficiency has a moderately strong synergistic effect,and it has experienced the evolution of the system from low stage to intermediate stage to advanced stage. 3) There are large differences in the co-evolution of marine economic inclusiveness and efficiency among coastal provinces. According to the synergy type,it can be divided into two major categories: centralized type and decentralized type. 4) In the face of the negative impact of the COVID-19,the synergy level among Liaoning,Jiangsu and Guangxi provinces has significant declined and become the weak points of the three major regions on the eastern coast of China,respectively. The results of this study can provide a reference for promoting the steady improvement of the quality and reasonable growth of China's marine economy.

The application of digital technology has become the key factor to promote economic growth,and its industrial spatial agglomeration has become the frontier proposition of "new economic geography". Based on the data of micro enterprises from 2016 to 2021,this paper calculates the agglomeration degree of digital technology application industry and its subsectors by Scholl agglomeration index,and uses spatial analysis method to study the spatial agglomeration evolution characteristics of digital technology application industry in Zhejiang Province. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) It overall shows the "core region-peripheral corridor" spatial pattern along Hangzhou Bay,and the evolution trend is from the "single core" to the "multi-core". The cluster industrial development axis of "Hangzhou-Yiwu-Jinhua-Quzhou" and "Taizhou-Wenzhou" has taken on the shape. 2) The number of new enterprises in each city and sub-industry did not show a trend of specialization,but the Matthew effect was significant and there was a phenomenon of spatial reorganization. As a dominant industry,the information technology service industry and the software development industry show an "olive-shaped" distribution. 3) The agglomeration evolution trend of segmented industries is related to industry attributes. Information technology service industry,software development industry and Internet-related service industry tend to cluster and are highly coupled in spatial evolution. The telecommunication,broadcasting and satellite transmission services are scattered and need to rely on the core of the region to achieve digital technology transformation. Other digital technology application industries,as a high-end industry affiliated,do not have obvious agglomeration and dispersion characteristics. Finally,based on the multi-cluster industrial spatial structure of "one bay leading and three axes driving",it proposes the future development proposal of " planning docking +specialization + institutional protection ".

Based on the digital service trade data of the countries along the Belt and Road,the article constructs the digital service trade network of the countries along the Belt and Road,and analyzes its development characteristics,spatial structure and China's status using the social network analysis method. The study shows that: 1) The number of countries involved in trading digital services is growing,but their networks are poorly connected and spread. 2) The development of digital service trade has been slow,the trade status of countries is relatively different,and the Belt and Road Initiative promotes the multilateral trade. 3) The digital service trade network shows the significant community characteristic,and has little change in the number of cohesive sub-groups since 2010,but it has a change in the participating countries within cohesive sub-groups,differences in the strength of association within different sub-groups,and significant differences in cohesive capacity between sub-groups. 4) In terms of spatial distribution,the digital service trade network shows an unbalanced characteristic,the kernel density estimation curve of relative point strength shows a "Pareto" distribution,and the kernel density estimation curve of limited degree no longer shows a "bimodal distribution" due to the impact of trade frictions and the COVID-19 epidemic,and polarization intensifies. China is an important player in digital service trade with relatively stable partners in countries along the Belt and Road,but it needs to expand its trade circle,improve its core competitiveness,control,independence and freedom of trade,there is an urgent need to prevent the risk of trade dependency.

Improving the ability of the economic system to respond to internal and external shocks is of great significance to the high-quality development of the regional economy. The spatiotemporal correlation characteristics and dynamic evolution mechanism of China's regional economic resilience from 1997 to 2020 were systematically observed in this study by constructing an economic resilience index and using Theil index, spatial analysis, geographic detectors and other methods. The results showed that: 1) During the study period,China's regional economic resilience generally showed a W-shaped dynamic fluctuation and upward trajectory, about 65% of the provinces were in a state of moderate resilience, and the disequilibrium characteristics at the regional level were gradually strengthened. Inter-provincial differences were the main components of spatial differences in economic resilience. 2) The spatial correlation of regional economic resilience had a typical evolutionary trend in stages, and economic resilience in space gradually showed a positive agglomeration correlation. The locally-related cold and hot spots patterns were directly affected by the type and scope of the shock,showing significant inter-provincial heterogeneity. 3) The spatiotemporal evolution of economic resilience was driven by the common interactive complex factors, and the evolution pattern of resilience collaborative dominated by effective market and competent government was gradually established. The guiding role of innate factors such as geographic location was becoming more and more diverse. Financial support and technological innovation were effective drivers for the improvement of the regional economic system's risk adaptability. Urban development and government management were the main paths and played an important role in the occurrence of multi-dimensional linkage effects.

To diagnose the health status of the cultivated land system, this paper reveals the spatial-temporal characteristics of cultivated land system health evolution, and provides scientific basis for maintaining and improving the level of the cultivated land system health. Taking Keshan County, a typical region in the northeastern black soil area, as the study area, it measures the threshold coefficients of the cultivated land system health, diagnoses its health status, and clarifies the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of cultivated land system health using the catastrophe model and ArcGIS. It’s found that: 1) The thresholds are divided into four range values which are [0,0.26), [0.26,0.48), [0.48,0.71) and [0.71,1.00], which represents poor level, moderate level, good level and excellent level, respectively. 2) The cultivated land system health in the study area showed obvious spatial differentiation characteristics in 1986-2018, and the cultivated land system health in each township had transformations in different time periods. 3) The cultivated land system health in the study area continued to decline from 1986 to 2018, the threshold coefficient of cultivated land system health in each township gradually has a homogeneous trend, and the variability of health threshold coefficients continued to decrease. By constructing a diagnosis system of cultivated land system health in a typical region of black soil area, the study verifies the difference of cultivated land system health status in different time sequence, and proposes the idea of establishing monitoring support system of cultivated land system health for life cycle, which enriches and improves the theory and practice of cultivated land resource protection and sustainable use.

Traditional villages are an important part of China's excellent traditional culture,with important values of history,culture,folk customs and architectural art. This study takes 494 national traditional villages in Fujian Province as the research object,and uses ArcGIS spatial analysis,geostatistical analysis and historical literature combing to study their spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors. The study shows that: 1) Traditional villages in Fujian Province show a significant clustering pattern,and their spatial distribution is extremely uneven,showing a "multi-centered clustering" distribution pattern,with the northern part being dense and the southern part being sparse,and the central part of the province being the center and gradually sparse towards the two ends,while it shows the multi-belt distribution along ancient post roads and watersheds. 2) Traditional villages in Fujian Province were mainly formed before Yuan Dynasty,and the spatial distribution direction is "southwest-northeast". With the change of dynasties,the gravity center of distribution gradually shifted to the east and south,and the distribution scope expanded and directionality increased significantly. 3) The formation and evolution of traditional villages are influenced by natural,socio-economic,transportation and historical and cultural factors. Natural and cultural factors influence the location and layout of traditional villages,while socio-economic and historical and cultural factors influence their development and evolution.

Scientific understanding of the internal correlation and mechanism between the positioning requirements of the major function-oriented zones and the evolution of territorial space is the key to promote the strategic transmission of the major function-oriented zones and build a high-quality territorial space support system. This paper employs a comprehensive approach by utilizing the spatial transformation matrix,Dagum Gini coefficient,random forest regression model,and optimal parameters-based geographical detector to study regional characteristics,inter-region differences and evolution process of the "three-function spaces" (namely,urban space,agricultural space and ecological space) in Xinjiang from 1990 to 2020. The results reveal that: 1) Urban space in Xinjiang has continuously expanded,pasture land in the northwestern border area has been converted into cultivated land,and the oasis has expanded in the Altai Mountains,Tianshan Mountains,Kunlun Mountains,and the two major basins. 2) The major function-oriented zones exhibit a significant differentiation effect,showing notable differences in the spatial evolution of Xinjiang's major function-oriented zones. The source decomposition of the differences in different spatial transformation types varies,but the dominant change direction still relies on the internal differences of the main function-oriented zones. 3) The driving effect of land development policy and natural geographical conditions on the evolution of the overall land spatial pattern surpasses that of socio-economic factors. Urban expansion and road traffic construction have positive effects on regional ecological space expansion. Comparatively,returning farmland to forest,desertification land management, and border policies possess stronger potential to shape spatial dynamics, especially when compared to the major function-oriented zones.

Intangible cultural heritage,as an important form of traditional culture,is of great significance to the promotion of cultural soft power.The article selects the intangible cultural heritage of Jinzhongeco-cultural conservation area as the research object,and analyzes its type structure,spatial distribution type,aggregation area,and urban spatial distribution characteristics using the methods of spatial analysis,location entropy and resource advantage degree analysis.The conclusions are as following: 1)The distribution of intangible cultural heritages shows obviously different characteristics in Jinzhong eco-cultural conservation area. It has the largest number of traditional skills in national and provincial intangible cultural heritage projects.2)National and provincial intangible cultural heritages show the obvious agglomeration distribution characteristics in Jinzhong eco-cultural conservation area,it has a big difference in the resource advantage degree.The polar-agglomeration area, the high-dense area,the sub-dense area and the sparse area are the main distribution types.3)There are intangible cultural heritages in19 counties of Jinzhong eco-cultural conservation area.However, their types and quantities both show uneven spatial pattern.The intangible cultural heritages in Jinzhong eco-cultural conservation area have high tourism value,rational utilization of the intangible cultural heritage tourism resources in various modes such as cultural industry agglomeration,cultural tourism towns,museums and festival activities,could forma competitive tourism format.

Based on the data of the employees in prefectural cities in China provided by microdata sets of the 6th national population census and the national population sampling survey in 2015, using the method of social network analysis,this paper constructs the occupation space networks of China and analyzes the skill relatedness between occupations or job classes. It explores the impact of skill relatedness on the evolution of occupation space from three aspects: occupation entry,occupation exit, and employment growth. The main results are summarized as follows: 1) The network of occupation space shows the obvious structural heterogeneity in China. The job classes with high degree of skill relatedness are mainly concentrated in the network center. However,the job classes with low or no skill relatedness are scattered in the periphery. Meanwhile,the job classes with high-skill relatedness are characterized as cross-skill proximity. 2) The skill relatedness rate of professionals showed the biggest improvement from 2000 to 2015. The number of cities with specialization advantages in agricultural production personnel had always been the largest. The number of machine-site assembly personnel and production operators increased the most,and the occurrence of management personnel,professional personnel and technical personnel decreased significantly. 3) Skill relatedness has significant impacts on the entry and exit of job classes as well as the employment growth. Moreover,these impacts differed between cities with different scale grades. The results suggest that it should attract labors with high skill relatedness to local occupation space to improve the matching degree of local labor market and to sustain local employment growth.

Addressing the regional imbalance in the spatial allocation of medical and health resources (MHRs) is of great practical significance for promoting both the construction of "Healthy China" and the equalization of basic public services of MHRs. Taking 320 cities in China with available data as an example,this paper explores the spatial allocation of the equalization of China's MHRs from the perspective of the permanent population by using the methods of geospatial statistics,Theil index,and coupling coordination model. The results are as follows: 1) The number of per capita MHRs allocated by cities has increased,and the regional gap of per capita MHRs allocated among cities has narrowed. 2) The regional gap of per capita MHRs allocated among cities within each province has narrowed,but the narrowing gap between cities within each province has provincial differences. 3) The level of coupling coordination between the equalization of MHRs and the distribution of permanent population has declined. The spatial mismatch between the equalization of MHRs and the distribution of permanent population is very serious,and most cities are in a state of imbalance. 4)The reason for the spatial mismatch between the equalization of MHRs and the distribution of permanent population is that MHRs are not allocated according to the changing trend of permanent population. The article expands the regional scope of the research on the spatial allocation of MHRs to the whole region of China taking cities as the scale,discusses the spatial allocation of MHRs equalization from the perspective of permanent population under the national conditions of China with large-scale population mobility,and improves the deficiency that the location theory of public service facilities is seldom used to study the spatial allocation of public facilities from the dynamic perspective.

This research aims at enhancing the resilience of human settlements and high-quality development under the Beautiful China Initiative. For the case area of Fujian Province, the first ecological civilization pilot demonstration zone in China, the built-up land in 2035 and 2050 was predicted under prioritized ecological protection, baseline, and prioritized human settlement scenarios. The effects of built-up land change on human living, ecological protection, resource use, and green development have also been assessed. It's found that built-up land expansion and its effects will be much more substantial in 2020-2035. The proportion of the built-up land is anticipated to be 4.89%~5.55% by 2035 in Fujian, and cultivated land and forestland are the main source of built-up land expansion. Land intensification and resource use of built-up land will both be at high levels under the prioritized ecological protection scenario. As a result, the GDP output of unit build-up land will increase greatly on the provincial level. To further enhance ecological protection and resource use, this research proposes that Fujian Province limits its proportion of built-up land to below 5% by 2035. Cities in southern Fujian should prevent built-up land from encroaching on agricultural and ecological areas, and those in northeastern Fujian should cover more green space to improve the resilience of human settlements.

As a new economic form of cultural tourism,nighttime cultural tourism consumption has gradually become an important way to promote the high-quality development of Chinese cultural tourism industry and meet people's needs for a better life in the new era. Using the methods of geographic concentration index,disequilibrium index and kernel density analysis,this paper comprehensively analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of agglomeration areas of national nighttime cultural tourism consumption,and further explores the influencing factors by using the methods of geographic detector and geographic overlay analysis. The research shows that: 1) The agglomeration areas of the national nighttime cultural tourism consumption present concentrated distribution at the provincial scale. 2) In terms of spatial distribution structure,the agglomeration areas of national nighttime cultural tourism consumption show uneven distribution characteristics in the north and south of China,which is higher in the south than that in the north and shows the law of decline from the southeast to the northwest. In the three major economic zones,there is a "concave" differentiation law,which is the most in the east,the second in the west and the least in the middle. 3) In terms of spatial distribution density,the agglomeration areas of national nighttime cultural tourism consumption present a spatial distribution pattern of large concentration and small dispersion. The distribution characteristics of the kernel density of the two batches of agglomeration areas of national nighttime cultural tourism consumption clusters are similar. In terms of space,there is one high-density core area in the Yangtze River Delta,two sub-density core areas in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the junction area of Sichuan-Chongqing,and the core cluster areas radiate around the three density core areas. 4) In terms of influencing factors,the spatial heterogeneity distribution of agglomeration areas of national nighttime cultural tourism consumption is comprehensively affected by human factors such as economic level,social basis,tourism market,cultural environment,public services and so on,as well as natural factors such as altitude and climate conditions.